Blood vessel adaptation with fluctuations in capillary flow distribution.
Blood vessel adaptation with fluctuations in capillary flow distribution.
复制标题
毛细血管流量分布波动的血管适应
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0045444
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rangan AV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu D;Cai D;Rangan AV
在动物和人类的一生中，血管系统不断地调整其结构——血管腔的直径、血管壁的厚度和微血管的数量——以满足组织不断变化的代谢需求。管径不断减小的趋势和壁面剪应力不断增加的刺激之间的竞争对管径的适应起着关键作用。然而，以往的研究表明，仅基于这两种效应的适应动态是不稳定的。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个血管管径的最小适应模型，在这个模型中，我们考虑了代谢流量调节的影响以及壁面剪切应力和管径的减小趋势。特别地，我们研究了作为代谢流量调节的重要手段的毛细血管流量分布波动在适应过程中的作用。毛细管群流动的波动被理想化为两种状态之间的切换，即开状态和闭状态。利用该模型，我们发现当打开时间比对毛细血管流动敏感时，壁面剪切应力驱动的血管系统适应性可以有效地稳定下来。由于在我们的模拟中观察到微血管稀薄，毛细血管流动的开放时间比均匀下降，我们的研究结果指出了微血管稀薄的可能来源，微血管稀薄被认为是诱发高血压的原因。
Throughout the life of animals and human beings, blood vessel systems are continuously adapting their structures – the diameter of vessel lumina, the thickness of vessel walls, and the number of micro-vessels – to meet the changing metabolic demand of the tissue. The competition between an ever decreasing tendency of luminal diameters and an increasing stimulus from the wall shear stress plays a key role in the adaptation of luminal diameters. However, it has been shown in previous studies that the adaptation dynamics based only on these two effects is unstable. In this work, we propose a minimal adaptation model of vessel luminal diameters, in which we take into account the effects of metabolic flow regulation in addition to wall shear stresses and the decreasing tendency of luminal diameters. In particular, we study the role, in the adaptation process, of fluctuations in capillary flow distribution which is an important means of metabolic flow regulation. The fluctuation in the flow of a capillary group is idealized as a switch between two states, i.e., an open-state and a close-state. Using this model, we show that the adaptation of blood vessel system driven by wall shear stress can be efficiently stabilized when the open time ratio responds sensitively to capillary flows. As micro-vessel rarefaction is observed in our simulations with a uniformly decreased open time ratio of capillary flows, our results point to a possible origin of micro-vessel rarefaction, which is believed to induce hypertension.
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