Learning and CRF-Induced Indecision during Escape and Submission in Rainbow Trout during Socially Aggressive Interactions in the Stress-Alternatives Model.
Learning and CRF-Induced Indecision during Escape and Submission in Rainbow Trout during Socially Aggressive Interactions in the Stress-Alternatives Model.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2017.00515
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Summers CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Summers TR;Summers TL;Carpenter RE;Smith JP;Young SL;Meyerink B;Orr TZ;Arendt DH;Summers CH
社会压力环境导致人群应对措施的表型二分法，以应对占主导地位的侵略者，并给出一条出口路线。这种顺从(停留)或逃避导向(逃逸)的二分法代表了在敌对社会环境的压力影响下的个人决策。我们利用应激替代模型(SAM)来探索可以预测虹鳟鱼行为表型的行为因素。SAM是一个分隔的水箱，在社交之前，越来越小的鲑鱼被不透明的隔板隔开，另一个隔板挡住了安全区，通过一条仅能容纳较小鱼的逃生路线进入。我们假设，在第一次社交互动中，独特的行为反应将表明在随后的互动中，其中一种行为表型的倾向。令人惊讶的是，增加受到的攻击量或强度对促进试验鱼的逃逸没有显著影响。事实上，在第一天的互动中，在攻击过程中转向较大对手的鱼最终学会了逃跑。逃逸的鱼还学会了监控侵略者的巡逻行为，最终主要是在他们没有被观察到的情况下逃跑。逃逸本身，也被预测在鲑鱼表现出更多的直接向逃逸路线移动。相比之下，与侵略者(停留)一直留在水箱中的鱼，在从属位置、水柱顶部或底部以及坐在底部游泳的频率要高得多。此外，促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)诱导的行为，在攻击性社会互动中，也显示在未经处理的鱼身上，并被CRF1受体拮抗剂阻断。尤其是在Stay表型中，快速抖动表明对与逃跑相关的行为犹豫不决。逃逸表型的FISH也表现出快速抖动，与逃避潜伏期呈正相关。这些结果展示了对压力的适应性反应，反映了进化上保守的压力神经回路，这可能会转化为心理障碍和脊椎动物类别的决策。
Socially stressful environments induce a phenotypic dichotomy of coping measures for populations in response to a dominant aggressor and given a route of egress. This submission- (Stay) or escape-oriented (Escape) dichotomy represents individual decision-making under the stressful influence of hostile social environments. We utilized the Stress-Alternatives Model (SAM) to explore behavioral factors which might predict behavioral phenotype in rainbow trout. The SAM is a compartmentalized tank, with smaller and larger trout separated by an opaque divider until social interaction, and another divider occluding a safety zone, accessible by way of an escape route only large enough for the smaller fish. We hypothesized that distinctive behavioral responses during the first social interaction would indicate a predisposition for one of the behavioral phenotypes in the subsequent interactions. Surprisingly, increased amount or intensity of aggression received had no significant effect on promoting escape in test fish. In fact, during the first day of interaction, fish that turned toward their larger opponent during attack eventually learned to escape. Escaping fish also learn to monitor the patrolling behavior of aggressors, and eventually escape primarily when they are not being observed. Escape per se, was also predicted in trout exhibiting increased movements directed toward the escape route. By contrast, fish that consistently remained in the tank with the aggressor (Stay) showed significantly higher frequency of swimming in subordinate positions, at the top or the bottom of the water column, as well as sitting at the bottom. In addition, a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-induced behavior, snap-shake, was also displayed in untreated fish during aggressive social interaction, and blocked by a CRF1 receptor antagonist. Especially prevalent among the Stay phenotype, snap-shake indicates indecision regarding escape-related behaviors. Snap-shake was also exhibited by fish of the Escape phenotype, showing a positive correlation with latency to escape. These results demonstrate adaptive responses to stress that reflect evolutionarily conserved stress neurocircuitry which may translate to psychological disorders and decision-making across vertebrate taxa.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Carpenter, R. E.;Korzan, W. J.;Bockholt, C.;Watt, M. J.;Forster, G. L.;Renner, K. J.;Summers, C. H.
通讯作者：
Summers, C. H.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Backstrom, Tobias;Schjolden, Joachim;Winberg, Svante
通讯作者：
Winberg, Svante
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Korzan, Wayne J.;Overli, Oyvind;Summers, Cliff H.
通讯作者：
Summers, Cliff H.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
ABBOTT, JC;DILL, LM
通讯作者：
DILL, LM
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
de Boer, SF;van der Vegt, BJ;Koolhaas, JM
通讯作者：
Koolhaas, JM