Bacterial Infection and Immune Responses in Lutzomyia longipalpis Sand Fly Larvae Midgut.
Bacterial Infection and Immune Responses in Lutzomyia longipalpis Sand Fly Larvae Midgut.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0003923
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ramalho-Ortigao M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heerman M;Weng JL;Hurwitz I;Durvasula R;Ramalho-Ortigao M
疾病昆虫媒介中的中肠微生物群落对于针对各种人类和动物病原体感染的有效免疫反应至关重要。根据其发育的各个方面，昆虫可以获得土壤、水和植物中存在的微生物。白蛉是利什曼病的主要传播媒介，并被证明含有多种革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性细菌。白蛉幼虫阶段从土壤中获取微生物，这些微生物的丰度和分布可能因白蛉种类或繁殖地而异。在这里，我们评估了白蛉肠道内常见的两种细菌——成团泛菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的分布。我们证明这些细菌能够差异化地感染幼虫消化道，并调节白蛉幼虫的免疫反应。此外，细菌的分布，以及可能在肠道定殖的能力，至少部分是由肠道中存在的 pH 梯度驱动的。共生微生物影响宿主生理学的许多方面。在昆虫中，共生细菌能够调节免疫反应和昆虫从幼虫阶段到成虫的发育。许多细菌在幼虫发育过程中首先进入昆虫组织，例如肠道，并且是从环境中获得的。因此，根据昆虫生态学（水生与陆生）的不同，昆虫中发现的细菌肠道菌群可能存在很大差异。人们对幼虫肠道细菌感染后发生的事件以及此类细菌在肠道定植的驱动力知之甚少。我们研究了两种细菌的分布，一种革兰氏阳性菌（枯草芽孢杆菌）和一种革兰氏阴性菌（成团泛菌），喂给白蛉幼虫。我们的结果表明，幼虫肠道中的细菌分布是由它们在给定 pH 值下繁殖的能力驱动的，因为肠道中的 pH 值也会变化。这些细菌的肠道分布会导致白蛉幼虫能够根据细菌种类调节免疫反应。我们的研究结果可以影响利用细菌共生体控制载体种群的副转基因方法的发展。
The midgut microbial community in insect vectors of disease is crucial for an effective immune response against infection with various human and animal pathogens. Depending on the aspects of their development, insects can acquire microbes present in soil, water, and plants. Sand flies are major vectors of leishmaniasis, and shown to harbor a wide variety of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Sand fly larval stages acquire microorganisms from the soil, and the abundance and distribution of these microorganisms may vary depending on the sand fly species or the breeding site. Here, we assess the distribution of two bacteria commonly found within the gut of sand flies, Pantoea agglomerans and Bacillus subtilis. We demonstrate that these bacteria are able to differentially infect the larval digestive tract, and regulate the immune response in sand fly larvae. Moreover, bacterial distribution, and likely the ability to colonize the gut, is driven, at least in part, by a gradient of pH present in the gut. Symbiotic microorganisms influence many aspects of the physiology of their hosts. In insects, symbiotic bacteria are able among other things to modulate the immune response and the development of the insect from larval stages to adult. Many bacteria first gain access to insect tissues, such as the gut, during larval development, and are acquired from the environment. Thus, depending on the insect ecology, aquatic vs. terrestrial, the bacterial gut flora found in insects can vary widely. Little is known about the events that follow bacterial infection in larval guts and the driving forces for colonization of the gut by such bacteria. We investigated the distribution of two bacteria, a Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and a Gram-negative (Pantoea agglomerans) fed to sand fly larvae. Our results indicate that bacteria distribution in the larval gut is driven by their ability to multiply at a given pH, as pH in the gut also varies. Gut distribution by these bacteria lead to an immune response that the sand fly larva is able to modulate according to the bacterial species. Our findings can influence development of paratransgenic approaches that utilize bacterial symbionts to control vector population.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Coutinho-Abreu IV;Sharma NK;Robles-Murguia M;Ramalho-Ortigao M
通讯作者：
Ramalho-Ortigao M
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2008.79.881
发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Hillesland, Heidi;Read, Amber;Durvasula, Ravi
通讯作者：
Durvasula, Ravi
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Gouveia, Cheryl;Asensi, Marise D.;Oliveira, Sandra M.P. de
通讯作者：
Oliveira, Sandra M.P. de
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Diaz-Albiter, Hector;Sant'Anna, Mauricio R. V.;Dillon, Rod J.
通讯作者：
Dillon, Rod J.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Hurwitz I;Hillesland H;Fieck A;Das P;Durvasula R
通讯作者：
Durvasula R