Risk taking in adversarial situations: Civilization differences in chess experts

Risk taking in adversarial situations: Civilization differences in chess experts
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对抗性情况下的冒险:国际象棋专家的文明差异

DOI:
10.1016/j.cognition.2015.04.008
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Chassy P
Chassy P
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chassy P

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政治专家预测,一个新的世界秩序将在20年内出现。多极化的世界将不可避免地导致摩擦,文明和国家将不得不决定是否冒冲突的风险。这些决定往往是知情的,如果不是由专家作出的话。为了评估不同文明之间的冒险行为,我们研究了来自11个不同文明的国际象棋专家在11年中参与的667,599场国际象棋比赛中使用的策略。我们表明,一些文明更倾向于和平。同样,我们发现,一旦参与战斗,不同文明的冒险程度也有很大差异,最大胆的文明使用的风险策略比最保守的文明多35%。我们讨论哪些心理因素可能会支持这些文明的差异。
The projections of experts in politics predict that a new world order will emerge within two decades. Being multipolar, this world will inevitably lead to frictions where civilizations and states will have to decide whether to risk conflict. Very often these decisions are informed if not taken by experts. To estimate risk-taking across civilizations, we examined strategies used in 667,599 chess games played over eleven years by chess experts from 11 different civilizations. We show that some civilizations are more inclined to settle for peace. Similarly, we show that once engaged in the battle, the level of risk taking varies significantly across civilizations, the boldest civilization using the riskiest strategy about 35% more than the most conservative civilization. We discuss which psychological factors might underpin these civilizational differences.
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