Effects of dilemmas and aromas on performance of the Iowa Gambling Task.
Effects of dilemmas and aromas on performance of the Iowa Gambling Task.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.015
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发表时间：
2011-03-17
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Walsh, Katherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Overman, William H.;Boettcher, Laura;Watterson, Lucas;Walsh, Katherine
在最初版本的爱荷华州赌博任务（IGT）中，男性的得分超过女性。这可能是由于男性和女性在任务期间的区域前额叶皮层激活差异。PET成像显示男性背外侧（DL）前额叶皮层（PFC）和女性内侧眶（ORB）PFC的激活增加。最近的一项研究报告说，女性的分数提高到男性的水平，让他们在IGT故意道德困境。这可能是由于PFC激活从内侧ORB PFC到DL PFC区域的相对转移。在本研究中，加入新的参与者，并结合以前的研究结果，我们没有发现一个显着的效果审议困境之前或期间，原来的IGT的表现。然而，典型的性别效应被复制了，就像女性对B牌的偏好一样。缺乏困境增强未能支持我们先前的建议，增加激活DL在任务期间。然而，我们研究了激活或ORB（也是嗅觉皮层）是否会改变IGT的表现。在IGT期间，当闻到新的香味时，男性的表现降低到女性的表现没有变化的水平。这一发现表明，情绪神经基质的激活可能会改变在决策过程中相互作用的双重认知（DL）/情绪（ORB）回路。
Males outscore females on the original version of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). This may be due to differential regional prefrontal cortical activation by males and females during the task. PET imagery indicates increased activation in dorsolateral (DL) prefrontal cortex (PFC) in males and in medial orbital (ORB) PFC in females. A recent study reported that females’ scores were elevated to the level of males’ by having them deliberate moral dilemmas during the IGT. This was presumably due to a relative shift in PFC activation from medial ORB PFC to DL PFC areas. In the present study, after adding new participants and combining results from previous studies we failed to find a significant effect of deliberating dilemmas prior to or during the original IGT performance. However, the typical gender effect was replicated, as was the females’ preference for cards from Deck B. The lack of dilemma-enhancement fails to support our previous suggestion of increasing activation in DL during the task. However, we investigated whether activation or ORB (also olfactory cortex) would change IGT performance. When smelling novel aromas during the IGT, males’ performance was reduced to the level of females whose performance was unchanged. This finding suggests that activation of emotional neural substrates might alter the dual cognitive (DL)/emotional (ORB) circuits that interact during decision-making.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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