Crisis Nationalism: To What Degree Is National Partiality Justifiable during a Global Pandemic?

Crisis Nationalism: To What Degree Is National Partiality Justifiable during a Global Pandemic?
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DOI:
10.1007/s10677-021-10160-0
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Ethical theory and moral practice : an international forum
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Tan KC
Tan KC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Beaton E;Gadomski M;Manson D;Tan KC

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在全球大流行病等全球性危机期间,各国是否特别有权(如果不是有义务的话)优先考虑本国公民的利益或福祉?我们把这种在危机时期对同胞的偏袒称为“危机民族主义”。疫苗民族主义是COVID-19大流行期间危机民族主义的一个生动例子;美国政府购买全球库存的抗病毒药物Remdesivir供国内使用的情况也是如此。危机民族主义有理由吗?如果有,它的局限性是什么?我们考察了一些关于民族偏袒的貌似合理的论点,并得出结论,这些论点仅在严格的范围内支持危机民族主义。我们将注意到,关于偏袒的不同论点,由于不同的原因而达到这些极限。但我们认为,从更广泛的意义上讲,任何可辩护的危机民族主义都不应导致对人权的侵犯或人民被剥夺的恶化。此外,我们建议,在全球危机期间,善意的危机民族主义应该对国家偏袒的潜在道德成本敏感,并且必须格外注意控制或抵消这些成本。因此,以疫苗民族主义形式出现的危机民族主义或在全球大流行期间囤积全球供应的治疗药物,都超出了可接受的偏袒范围。
Are countries especially entitled, if not obliged, to prioritize the interests or well-being of their own citizens during a global crisis, such as a global pandemic? We call this partiality for compatriots in times of crisis “crisis nationalism”. Vaccine nationalism is one vivid example of crisis nationalism during the COVID-19 pandemic; so is the case of the US government’s purchasing a 3-month supply of the global stock of the antiviral Remdesivir for domestic use. Is crisis nationalism justifiable at all, and, if it is, what are its limits? We examine some plausible arguments for national partiality, and conclude that these arguments support crisis nationalism only within strict limits. The different arguments for partiality, as we will note, arrive at these limits for different reasons. But more generally, so we argue, any defensible crisis nationalism must not entail the violation of human rights or the worsening of people’s deprivation. Moreover, we propose that good faith crisis nationalism ought to be sensitive to the potential moral costs of national partiality during a global crisis and must take extra care to control or offset these costs. Thus, crisis nationalism in the form of vaccine nationalism or the hoarding of global supplies of therapeutics during a global pandemic exceeds the bounds of acceptable partiality.
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