Fearful imagery in social phobia: generalization, comorbidity, and physiological reactivity.
Fearful imagery in social phobia: generalization, comorbidity, and physiological reactivity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.09.023
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Bradley, Margaret M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McTeague, Lisa M.;Lang, Peter J.;Laplante, Marie-Claude;Cuthbert, Bruce N.;Strauss, Cyd C.;Bradley, Margaret M.
关键词：
社交恐惧症的特征是对社交威胁的过度恐惧和对社交失败的图像高度敏感。为了评估这种描述的生理基础，社交恐惧症患者（n=75）和人口统计学匹配的对照组（n=75）想象中性和可怕的事件，而偶尔提出的声学惊吓探头和眨眼反应（眼轮匝肌）记录。心率、皮肤电导水平和面部表情的变化也被编入了指数。除了比较对照组和社交恐怖症患者，诊断亚型（局限性，广义），共病抑郁症，慢性的影响进行了评估。患者在惊吓反射和自主神经反应超过对照组的社会威胁的图像，而组表现出相称的反应，描绘共同分享的恐惧（生存威胁）的内容。个人与有限的性能恐惧症是类似的控制，除了更强大的反应，具体的，性能恐惧的图像。与此相反，广义恐怖症患者的特点是较长的障碍慢性和表现出更高的敏感性，更广泛的恐惧内容。那些患有广泛性恐惧症和抑郁症的患者表现出恐惧增强惊吓的减弱，并报告了最持久的社交焦虑。社交恐惧症的亚型可以通过生理反应的模式来客观地区分。此外，各亚型在慢性和防御性参与方面存在系统性差异，其中最短的障碍持续时间（局限性恐惧症）与最强大和最具焦点的生理反应相关，其次是更慢性的广泛性恐惧症中更广泛的防御敏感性，最后是最慢性的共病抑郁症中以前夸大的恐惧增强的衰减。
Social phobia has been characterized as a disorder of exaggerated fear of social threat and heightened sensitivity to imagery of social failure. To assess the physiological basis of this description, social phobia patients (n=75) and demographically-matched controls (n=75) imagined neutral and fearful events while acoustic startle probes were occasionally presented and eye-blink responses (orbicularis occuli) recorded. Changes in heart rate, skin conductance level, and facial expressivity were also indexed. In addition to comparing controls and social phobia patients, the influences of diagnostic subtype (circumscribed, generalized), comorbid depression, and chronicity were assessed. Patients exceeded controls in startle reflex and autonomic responding during imagery of social threat whereas the groups evinced commensurate reactivity to contents depicting commonly shared fears (survival threat). Individuals with circumscribed performance phobia were similar to controls, with the exception of more robust reactions to idiographic, performance fear imagery. In contrast, generalized phobic patients were characterized by longer disorder chronicity and demonstrated heightened sensitivity to a broader range of fear contents. Those with generalized phobia plus comorbid depression showed attenuation of fear-potentiated startle and reported the most protracted social anxiety. Subtypes of social phobia can be objectively distinguished in patterns of physiological reactivity. Furthermore, subtypes vary systematically in chronicity and defensive engagement with the shortest disorder duration (circumscribed phobia) associated with the most robust and focal physiological reactivity, followed by broader defensive sensitivity in more chronic generalized phobia, and finally attenuation of the formerly exaggerated fear potentiation in the comorbidly depressed—the most chronic form.
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
10.6
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Bradley, MM