Was the "ABC" approach (abstinence, being faithful, using condoms) responsible for Uganda's decline in HIV?
Was the "ABC" approach (abstinence, being faithful, using condoms) responsible for Uganda's decline in HIV?
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pmed.0030379
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发表时间：
2006-09
期刊：
影响因子：
15.8
通讯作者：
Olupot-Olupot, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murphy, Elaine M.;Greene, Margaret E.;Mihailovic, Alexandra;Olupot-Olupot, Peter
辩论背景：乌干达是艾滋病毒感染率下降的少数几个非洲国家之一，从20世纪90年代初的15%下降到2001年的5%左右。2005年底，联合国艾滋病规划署估计有6.7%的成年人感染了艾滋病毒。人们对乌干达成功背后的原因进行了深入研究，希望其他国家可以效仿这些成功的策略。一些研究人员将这一成功归功于乌干达政府提倡的“ABC行为”——尤其是禁欲和忠诚。乌干达从美国总统艾滋病紧急救援计划获得资金，该计划推广ABC方法，重点是以禁欲为导向的公共卫生运动。其他研究人员质疑ABC方法是否真的是HIV感染下降的原因。ABC方法的批评者还认为，由于强调节欲而不是使用避孕套，这种方法使妇女面临感染的风险，因为在世界上许多地方，妇女没有权利坚持节欲或忠诚。墨菲和格林说，提高妇女地位的政策对于“abc”在乌干达成功降低艾滋病毒感染率至关重要。但Mihailovic和Olupot-Olupot认为，通过强调禁欲，abc是政治性的，而不是基于证据的。
Background to the debate: Uganda is one of the few African countries where rates of HIV infection have fallen, from about 15 percent in the early 1990s to about five percent in 2001. At the end of 2005, UNAIDS estimated that 6.7 percent of adults were infected with the virus. The reasons behind Uganda's success have been intensely studied in the hope that other countries can emulate the strategies that worked. Some researchers credit the success to the Ugandan government's promotion of “ABC behaviors”—particularly abstinence and fidelity. Uganda receives funds from the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, which promotes the ABC approach with a focus on abstinence-driven public health campaigns. Other researchers question whether the ABC approach was really responsible for the decline in HIV infection. Critics of the ABC approach also argue that by emphasizing abstinence over condom use, the approach leaves women at risk of infection, because in many parts of the world women are not empowered to insist on abstinence or fidelity. Murphy and Greene say policies to advance women's status were crucial to the success of "the ABCs" in reducing HIV rates in Uganda. But Mihailovic and Olupot-Olupot argue that by emphasizing abstinence, the ABCs are political and not evidence based.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Hearst, N;Chen, S
通讯作者：
Chen, S
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Lowicki-Zucca, Massimo;Spiegel, Paul;Ciantia, Filippo
通讯作者：
Ciantia, Filippo
DOI：
10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.09.002
发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Fabiani, M;Nattabi, B;Declich, S
通讯作者：
Declich, S
DOI：
10.1080/09540120512331325635
发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Kirungi, WL;Musinguzi, J;Bessinger, R
通讯作者：
Bessinger, R