Japanese preschoolers’ evaluation of circular and non-circular arguments

Japanese preschoolers’ evaluation of circular and non-circular arguments
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日本学龄前儿童对循环论证和非循环论证的评价

DOI:
10.1080/17405629.2017.1308250
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Matsui Tomoko
Matsui Tomoko
中科院分区:
心理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mercier Hugo;Sudo Mioko;Castelain Thomas;Bernard Stephane;Matsui Tomoko

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观察和实验数据表明,学龄前儿童在论证的产生和评价方面都具有一定的论证技能。然而,这些技能可能是在西方中产阶级和上层阶级家庭的特殊文化背景下培养出来的,大多数孩子都属于这种家庭。一些数据表明,其他文化中的儿童至少拥有这些技能中的一些,但在东方文化中没有收集到实验数据。这些文化被认为是不赞成辩论的,因此可能不利于辩论技巧的早期发展。我们测试了日本5岁儿童的论点评估技能的出现,方法是让他们在支持一个强有力的、感性的论点和一个软弱的、循环的论点之间做出选择。第一个实验揭示了强烈论证方向的一个趋势。第二个实验解决了第一个实验在方法论上的一些问题,显示出遵循有力论证的显著倾向。这些结果与之前在另外两种文化(瑞士和玛雅)中收集到的结果相似,表明一些基本的辩论技巧在不同文化中都是早期发展起来的。
Observational and experimental data have revealed that preschoolers possess some argumentation skills, both in the production and the evaluation of arguments. However, these skills might have been fostered by the particular cultural context of Western middle- and upper-classes families, to which most children studied belong. Some data suggests that children in other cultures possess at least some of these skills, but no experimental data had been gathered in Eastern cultures. These cultures are supposed to frown on argumentation, and might thus be less conducive to the early development of argumentation skills. We test the emergence of argument evaluation skills in Japanese 5-year-olds by presenting them with a choice between endorsing a strong, perceptual argument, and a weak, circular argument. A first experiment revealed a trend in the direction of the strong argument. A second experiment that addresses some methodological concerns of the first demonstrates a significant tendency to follow the strong argument. These results are similar to those previously gathered in two other cultures (Swiss and Maya), and suggest that some basic argumentation skills are early developing across cultures.
论证的好处具有跨文化的优势:日本的案例
DOI: --
发表时间: 2016
期刊:
影响因子: --
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Hugo Mercier;M. Deguchi;J.;Hiroshi Yama
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2011
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专家和外行都严重低估了论证对推理的好处
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影响因子: 2.6
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DOI: 10.1111/desc.12336
发表时间: 2016-11-01
影响因子: 3.7
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发表时间: 2014-09-01
期刊: CHILD DEVELOPMENT
影响因子: 4.6
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Corriveau, Kathleen H.;Kurkul, Katelyn E.
通讯作者: Kurkul, Katelyn E.