Positive reinforcement modulates fronto-limbic systems subserving emotional interference in adolescents.
Positive reinforcement modulates fronto-limbic systems subserving emotional interference in adolescents.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2017.10.019
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发表时间：
2018-02-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Segreti AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ladouceur CD;Schlund MW;Segreti AM
额边缘系统在支持抵抗情绪分心以促进目标导向的行为方面发挥着重要作用。尽管有证据表明这些系统功能的改变与精神病理学的发展轨迹有关，但大多数研究都是在成年人中进行的。这项研究检查了额叶边缘系统在青少年中促进情绪干扰的功能，以及正确反应的差异强化是否可以以促进对情绪干扰的抵抗力的方式调节这些神经系统。 14 名健康青少年（9-15 岁）在功能磁共振成像期间使用情绪干扰物（无、中性、消极）完成了情绪延迟工作记忆任务，同时在某些条件下为正确反应提供了积极强化（即金钱奖励）。在使用消极干扰物的正确试验中，与没有或中性干扰物的青少年相比，青少年的行为表现略有下降，杏仁核和前额皮质区域（腹外侧、腹内侧、背外侧）的激活程度更高。积极强化可以全面提高准确性和反应时间，并抵消消极干扰因素的影响，关键额边缘区域的激活显着减少就证明了这一点。目前的研究结果将情绪干扰的结果从成人扩展到青少年，并表明积极强化可以用来潜在地促进免受情绪干扰的隔离。未来的挑战将是在这些发现的基础上构建基于强化的注意力训练计划，该计划可用于减少焦虑青少年的情绪注意力偏差。
Fronto-limbic systems play an important role in supporting resistance to emotional distraction to promote goal-directed behavior. Despite evidence that alterations in the functioning of these systems are implicated in developmental trajectories of psychopathology, most studies have been conducted in adults. This study examined the functioning of fronto-limbic systems subserving emotional interference in adolescents and whether differential reinforcement of correct responding can modulate these neural systems in ways that could promote resistance to emotional distraction. Fourteen healthy adolescents (ages 9–15) completed an emotional delayed working memory task during fMRI with emotional distracters (none, neutral, negative) while positive reinforcement (i.e., monetary reward) was provided for correct responses under some conditions. Adolescents showed slightly reduced behavioral performance and greater activation in amygdala and prefrontal cortical regions (ventrolateral, ventromedial, dorsolateral) on correct trials with negative distracters compared to those with no or neutral distracters. Positive reinforcement yielded an overall improvement in accuracy and reaction times and counteracted the effects of negative distracters as evidenced by significant reductions in activation in key fronto-limbic regions. The present findings extend results on emotional interference from adults to adolescents and suggest that positive reinforcement could be used to potentially promote insulation from emotional distraction. A challenge for the future will be to build upon these findings for constructing reinforcement-based attention training programs that could be used to reduce emotional attention biases in anxious youth.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Engelmann JB;Damaraju E;Padmala S;Pessoa L
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Derryberry, D;Reed, MA
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2.6
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DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
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