Infection-Induced Immunity Is Associated With Protection Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Decreased Infectivity.
Infection-Induced Immunity Is Associated With Protection Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Decreased Infectivity.
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DOI：
10.1093/cid/ciad074
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发表时间：
2023-06-16
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影响因子：
--
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感染诱导免疫对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 （SARS-CoV-2）传播的影响尚未完全确定。在这里，我们估计成人和儿童先前感染诱导免疫对家庭中SARS-CoV-2传播的影响。我们从2020年3月至2022年11月在尼加拉瓜马那瓜进行了一项家庭队列研究；在家庭感染SARS-CoV-2后，应密切监测家庭成员的感染情况。我们估计了时间、年龄、症状和既往感染与继发发作风险的关联。总体而言，70.2%的家庭发生了传播，40.9%的家庭接触者被感染，根据时间段的不同，二次发作的风险从8.1%到13.9%不等。有症状的感染者更具传染性（比率比[RR] 21.2, 95%可信区间[CI]: 7.4-60.7），先前感染的参与者感染的可能性是naïve个体的一半（RR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.38 - 0.70）。在按年龄分层的模型中，既往感染与成人和青少年的传染性降低相关（继发发作风险[SAR] 12.3, 95% CI: 10.3, 14.8 vs 17.5, 95% CI: 14.8, 20.7）。然而，尽管幼儿传播的可能性较低，但既往感染和症状表现均与传染性无关。在欧米克隆时代，感染诱导免疫仍然对感染具有保护作用。感染诱导免疫与成人和青少年传染性降低有关。虽然幼儿的传染性较低，但既往感染和无症状表现并没有像成人那样降低其传染性。随着SARS-CoV-2向地方性转变，儿童在传播动态中可能变得更加重要。感染诱导免疫与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 （SARS-CoV-2）感染风险降低有关。在青少年和成人中，既往感染与传染性降低有关。然而，既往感染和无症状表现均与家庭环境中幼儿传染性降低无关。
The impact of infection-induced immunity on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission has not been well established. Here we estimate the effects of prior infection induced immunity in adults and children on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in households. We conducted a household cohort study from March 2020-November 2022 in Managua, Nicaragua; following a housheold SARS-CoV-2 infection, household members are closely monitored for infection. We estimate the association of time period, age, symptoms, and prior infection with secondary attack risk. Overall, transmission occurred in 70.2% of households, 40.9% of household contacts were infected, and the secondary attack risk ranged from 8.1% to 13.9% depending on the time period. Symptomatic infected individuals were more infectious (rate ratio [RR] 21.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.4–60.7) and participants with a prior infection were half as likely to be infected compared to naïve individuals (RR 0.52, 95% CI:.38–.70). In models stratified by age, prior infection was associated with decreased infectivity in adults and adolescents (secondary attack risk [SAR] 12.3, 95% CI: 10.3, 14.8 vs 17.5, 95% CI: 14.8, 20.7). However, although young children were less likely to transmit, neither prior infection nor symptom presentation was associated with infectivity. During the Omicron era, infection-induced immunity remained protective against infection. Infection-induced immunity is associated with decreased infectivity for adults and adolescents. Although young children are less infectious, prior infection and asymptomatic presentation did not reduce their infectivity as was seen in adults. As SARS-CoV-2 transitions to endemicity, children may become more important in transmission dynamics. Infection-induced immunity is associated with decreased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Prior infection is associated with decreased infectivity in adolescents and adults. However, neither prior infection nor asymptomatic presentation are associated with decreased infectivity in young children in a household setting.
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影响因子：
13.8
作者：
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
13.8
作者：
Madewell, Zachary J.;Yang, Yang;Longini, Ira M., Jr.;Halloran, M. Elizabeth;Dean, Natalie E.
通讯作者：
Dean, Natalie E.
DOI：
10.1093/cid/ciab717
发表时间：
2022-08-24
期刊：
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Maier HE;Kuan G;Saborio S;Carrillo FAB;Plazaola M;Barilla C;Sanchez N;Lopez R;Smith M;Kubale J;Ojeda S;Zuniga-Moya JC;Carlson B;Lopez B;Gajewski AM;Chowdhury M;Harris E;Balmaseda A;Gordon A
通讯作者：
Gordon A
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Silverberg SL;Zhang BY;Li SNJ;Burgert C;Shulha HP;Kitchin V;Sauvé L;Sadarangani M
通讯作者：
Sadarangani M
儿童在Covid-19的家庭传播中的作用：系统的综述和荟萃分析。
影响因子：
8.4
作者：
Chen, Feifan;Tian, Yan;Zhang, Lixin;Shi, Yuan
通讯作者：
Shi, Yuan