Interactions between SQUAMOSA and SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE MADS-box proteins regulate meristem transitions during wheat spike development.
Interactions between SQUAMOSA and SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE MADS-box proteins regulate meristem transitions during wheat spike development.
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DOI：
10.1093/plcell/koab243
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发表时间：
2021-12-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dubcovsky J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li K;Debernardi JM;Li C;Lin H;Zhang C;Jernstedt J;Korff MV;Zhong J;Dubcovsky J
花序构型是决定作物产量的重要因素。小麦花序分生组织在转变为顶生小穗之前所产生的小穗数影响着每穗最大粒数。小麦MADS盒基因VERNALIZATION 1（VRN 1）和FRUITFULL 2（FUL 2）（在SQUAMOSA进化枝中）对于促进IM向TS的转变和小穗发育是必需的。在这里，我们表明SQUAMOSA基因有助于小穗的身份，抑制MADS盒基因营养生殖转换2（VRT 2），短营养阶段1（SVP 1），和SVP 3的SVP分支。VRT 2的组成型表达导致多叶颖片和外稃，小穗穗逆转，并下调MADS盒基因参与小花发育，而vrt 2突变体减少营养特性的小穗鳞突变体。有趣的是，vrt 2 svp 1突变体在抽穗期、株高和每穗小穗数方面表现出与鳞叶突变体相似的表型，但在伸长茎中表现出不寻常的腋生花序。我们建议，SQUAMOSA-SVP的相互作用是重要的，以促进抽穗，TS的形成，和茎伸长在早期生殖阶段，SVP基因的下调，然后是必要的正常小穗和花的发育。操纵SVP和SQUAMOSA基因可以有助于工程化穗结构，提高生产力。发育基因的功能表征揭示了改变小麦穗结构以增加籽粒数量和提高产量的方法。
Inflorescence architecture is an important determinant of crop productivity. The number of spikelets produced by the wheat inflorescence meristem (IM) before its transition to a terminal spikelet (TS) influences the maximum number of grains per spike. Wheat MADS-box genes VERNALIZATION 1 (VRN1) and FRUITFULL 2 (FUL2) (in the SQUAMOSA-clade) are essential to promote the transition from IM to TS and for spikelet development. Here we show that SQUAMOSA genes contribute to spikelet identity by repressing MADS-box genes VEGETATIVE TO REPRODUCTIVE TRANSITION 2 (VRT2), SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE 1 (SVP1), and SVP3 in the SVP clade. Constitutive expression of VRT2 resulted in leafy glumes and lemmas, reversion of spikelets to spikes, and downregulation of MADS-box genes involved in floret development, whereas the vrt2 mutant reduced vegetative characteristics in spikelets of squamosa mutants. Interestingly, the vrt2 svp1 mutant showed similar phenotypes to squamosa mutants regarding heading time, plant height, and spikelets per spike, but it exhibited unusual axillary inflorescences in the elongating stem. We propose that SQUAMOSA–SVP interactions are important to promote heading, formation of the TS, and stem elongation during the early reproductive phase, and that downregulation of SVP genes is then necessary for normal spikelet and floral development. Manipulating SVP and SQUAMOSA genes can contribute to engineering spike architectures with improved productivity. Functional characterization of developmental genes reveals ways to modify the wheat spike architecture to increase the number of grains and improve productivity.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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