Functional imaging studies: linking mind and basic neuroscience.
Functional imaging studies: linking mind and basic neuroscience.
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功能成像研究:连接心灵和基础神经科学。
DOI:
10.1176/appi.ajp.158.1.11
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发表时间:
2001
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Shulman,RG
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shulman,RG
OBJECTIVEThe imaging of brain activity with positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging has assumed a central position in psychiatry. Functional imaging signals arise from changes in the neurophysiological parameters of glucose and oxygen consumption mediated by blood flow.METHODRecent in vivo13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) neurochemical studies have established a quantitative coupling between the rates of glucose oxidation and glutamate neurotransmitter flux in rats and humans, thereby linking measured neurophysiological parameters to brain function.RESULTSThese results show that in the awake, resting, and unstimulated states, 70%–80% of brain energy consumption is devoted to the same glutamate/glutamine neurotransmitter signaling as are the small percentages stimulated by tasks. Furthermore, in anesthetized animals, in which unstimulated activity is reduced, the total signal rather than a particular increment is required for a response.CONCLUSIONSOn this basis, the total signal, as well as the difference in the signal, measures cortical neurotransmitter flux. The total signal in a region therefore contains valuable information about required brain activity. Although signal change is often more easily measured, certain PET and13C NMR methods can quantify total regional signal activity and thereby provide another measure of neurotransmitter activity.
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影响因子:
5.7
作者:
J. Jennings;A. Mcintosh;S. Kapur;E. Tulving;S. Houle
通讯作者:
S. Houle
影响因子:
3.3
作者:
K. Behar;O. Petroff;J. Prichard;J. Alger;R. Shulman
通讯作者:
R. Shulman
DOI:
10.1176/ajp.152.11.1576
发表时间:
1995-11
期刊:
The American journal of psychiatry
影响因子:
--
作者:
N. Andreasen;D. O'Leary;T. Cizadlo;S. Arndt;K. Rezai;G. Watkins;L. Ponto;R. Hichwa
通讯作者:
N. Andreasen;D. O'Leary;T. Cizadlo;S. Arndt;K. Rezai;G. Watkins;L. Ponto;R. Hichwa
影响因子:
2.5
作者:
Luck, SJ;Chelazzi, L;Desimone, R
通讯作者:
Desimone, R
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.95.20.11993
发表时间:
1998
影响因子:
11.1
作者:
Shulman,RG;Rothman,DL
通讯作者:
Rothman,DL