The restricted nature of HIV-1 tropism for cultured neural cells.

The restricted nature of HIV-1 tropism for cultured neural cells.
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HIV-1 对培养神经细胞的趋向性的限制。

DOI:
10.1016/0042-6822(92)90257-p
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发表时间:
1992
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
M. DUBOIS‐DALCQ
M. DUBOIS‐DALCQ
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
N. Sharpless;D. Gilbert;B. Vandercam;J. M. Zhou;E. Verdin;G. Ronnett;E. Friedman;M. DUBOIS‐DALCQ

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中枢神经系统被艾滋病毒剂 HIV-1 感染,其特征是存在受感染的巨大小胶质细胞以及星形细胞增多、脱髓鞘和神经元损失。为了确定神经外胚层来源的细胞是否可以被 HIV-1 感染,我们用从艾滋病痴呆患者中分离出的嗜淋巴病毒 (LAV) 或嗜神经病毒 (Jr-FL) 接种了源自成人大脑的原代培养物。虽然 Jr-FL 总是会引起培养的脑小胶质细胞的有效感染,但星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞都不会被这些病毒株有效感染。此外,培养的少突胶质细胞发育出正常的过程网络,并在小胶质细胞持续裂解感染的情况下表达分化抗原。接种任一 HIV-1 毒株后,在缺乏小胶质细胞的原代星形胶质细胞培养物中未检测到 HIV-1 前病毒 DNA。同样,处于分化状态的神经元细胞系 HCN-1 不允许病毒经历逆转录和复制循环。然而,LAV 能够在未分化的 HCN-1 细胞中复制。因此,HIV-1 的趋向性似乎严格限制于中枢神经系统中的一种分化细胞,即小胶质细胞。
Infection of the central nervous system by HIV-1, the agent of AIDS, is characterized by the presence of infected and giant microglial cells as well as astrocytosis, demyelination, and neuronal loss. To determine whether cells of neuroectoderm origin can be infected by HIV-1, we have inoculated primary cultures derived from adult human brain with a lymphotropic virus (LAV) or a neurotropic virus (Jr-FL) isolated from a patient with AIDS dementia. While Jr-FL invariably causes productive infection of cultured brain microglia, neither astrocytes nor oligodendrocytes became productively infected by these viral strains. Moreover, the cultured oligodendrocytes develop a normal network of processes and express differentiation antigens in the presence of an ongoing lytic infection of microglial cells. No HIV-1 proviral DNA was detected in primary astrocyte cultures devoid of microglia after inoculation of either HIV-1 strain. Similarly, the neuronal cell line HCN-1 in its differentiated state did not allow the virus to go through cycles of reverse transcription and replication. LAV, however, was able to replicate in undifferentiated HCN-1 cells. Thus, tropism of HIV-1 appears tightly restricted to only one type of differentiated cell in the CNS, the microglia.
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