Practice makes plasticity: 10-Hz rTMS enhances LTP-like plasticity in musicians and athletes.
Practice makes plasticity: 10-Hz rTMS enhances LTP-like plasticity in musicians and athletes.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2023.1124221
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Brown, Joshua C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kweon, Jamie;Vigne, Megan M.;Jones, Richard N.;Carpenter, Linda L.;Brown, Joshua C.
关键词：
运动技能学习与大脑的功能和结构变化有关。音乐家和运动员通过练习乐器或运动进行密集的运动训练，并已证明使用依赖性可塑性，这可能是由长时程增强（LTP）过程。然而，我们对音乐家和运动员的大脑是否对可塑性诱导干预（如重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS））的反应与没有广泛运动训练的人不同知之甚少。在一项药物rTMS研究中，我们评估了rTMS方案与口服D-环丝氨酸（DCS）或安慰剂相结合前后的运动皮层兴奋性。在次要协变量分析中，我们比较了自我认同的音乐家和运动员（M& A）与非音乐家和运动员（非M & A）之间的结果。皮质生理学的三个TMS措施被用来评估可塑性。我们发现，并购并没有更高的基线皮质运动兴奋性。然而，可塑性诱导方案（10-Hz rTMS与DCS相结合）强烈促进运动诱发电位（MEP）在M& A，但只有微弱的非M & A。安慰剂和rTMS在两组中都产生了适度的易化作用。我们的研究结果表明，运动练习和学习创造了一个对可塑性诱导事件（包括rTMS）更敏感的神经元环境。这些发现可以解释一个因素，有助于高个体间的差异与MEP数据。更大的可塑性能力对学习范式，如心理治疗和康复，通过促进LTP样激活关键网络，包括从神经/精神障碍中恢复的影响。
Motor skill learning has been linked to functional and structural changes in the brain. Musicians and athletes undergo intensive motor training through the practice of an instrument or sport and have demonstrated use-dependent plasticity that may be subserved by long-term potentiation (LTP) processes. We know less, however, about whether the brains of musicians and athletes respond to plasticity-inducing interventions, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), differently than those without extensive motor training. In a pharmaco-rTMS study, we evaluated motor cortex excitability before and after an rTMS protocol in combination with oral administration of D-cycloserine (DCS) or placebo. In a secondary covariate analysis, we compared results between self-identified musicians and athletes (M&As) and non-musicians and athletes (non-M&As). Three TMS measures of cortical physiology were used to evaluate plasticity. We found that M&As did not have higher baseline corticomotor excitability. However, a plasticity-inducing protocol (10-Hz rTMS in combination with DCS) strongly facilitated motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in M&As, but only weakly in non-M&As. Placebo and rTMS produced modest facilitation in both groups. Our findings suggest that motor practice and learning create a neuronal environment more responsive to plasticity-inducing events, including rTMS. These findings may explain one factor contributing to the high inter-individual variability found with MEP data. Greater capacity for plasticity holds implications for learning paradigms, such as psychotherapy and rehabilitation, by facilitating LTP-like activation of key networks, including recovery from neurological/mental disorders.
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