Transdiagnostic impairment of cognitive control in mental illness.
Transdiagnostic impairment of cognitive control in mental illness.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.08.001
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Etkin, Amit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McTeague, Lisa M.;Goodkind, Madeleine S.;Etkin, Amit
完整的认知控制或执行功能在行为和功能神经回路中都具有特征模式。功能神经影像学研究表明，额-扣带-顶叶-岛（即“多需求”）网络形成了一个共同的功能基础，为成功适应不同的认知加工需求奠定了基础。对完整神经认知表现的单独研究暗示了一个更高阶的因素，它在很大程度上解释了跨领域的表现，并可能反映了特征认知控制能力。在当前的综述中，我们强调了各自精神疾病（即精神病性、双相和单相抑郁症、焦虑和物质使用障碍）的研究结果，表明精神病理学中的认知控制扰动在这些常见的大脑和适应性认知功能的行为指标中最为明显，而且在疾病（即转诊断）中也很明显。具体来说，在每一种障碍类别中，障碍在跨广泛认知任务的多需求网络中是一致的。虽然不同疾病的严重程度不同，但在神经认知表现中始终出现广泛而非特定领域的损伤。越来越多的研究结果表明，表型不同的精神疾病有一个共同的因素或易受功能障碍的影响，而功能障碍又与广泛的神经认知缺陷有关。此外，我们还观察到，与突出性网络（扣带背前部和双侧前岛）重叠的多重需求网络的特征是经诊断灰质减少，并预测较弱的神经认知表现。总之，症状窘迫和神经认知功能缺陷的跨诊断模式（而非疾病特异性），同时伴有大脑结构和功能的平行异常，可能在很大程度上导致现实世界中常见的社会职业障碍。
Intact cognitive control or executive function has characteristic patterns in both behavior and functional neurocircuitry. Functional neuroimaging studies have shown that a frontal-cingulate-parietal-insular (i.e., “multiple demand”) network forms a common functional substrate undergirding successful adaptation to diverse cognitive processing demands. Separate work on intact neurocognitive performance implicates a higher order factor that largely explains performance across domains and may reflect trait cognitive control capacity. In the current review we highlight findings from respective psychiatric disorders (i.e., psychotic, bipolar and unipolar depressive, anxiety, and substance use disorders) suggesting that cognitive control perturbations amidst psychopathology are most pronounced within these common brain and behavioral indices of adaptive cognitive functioning and moreover, are evident across disorders (i.e., transdiagnostically). Specifically, within each of the disorder classes impairments are consistent in the multiple demand network across a wide range of cognitive tasks. While severity varies between disorders, broad as opposed to domain-specific impairments consistently emerge in neurocognitive performance. Accumulating findings have revealed that phenotypically diverse psychiatric disorders share a common factor or vulnerability to dysfunction that is in turn related to broad neurocognitive deficits. Furthermore, we have observed that regions of the multiple demand network, which overlap with the salience network (dorsal anterior cingulate and bilateral anterior insula) are characterized by reduced gray matter transdiagnostically and predict weaker neurocognitive performance. In summary, transdiagnostic (as opposed to disorder-specific) patterns of symptomatic distress and neurocognitive performance deficits, concurrent with parallel anomalies of brain structure and function may largely contribute to the real-world socio-occupational impairment common across disorders.
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DOI：
10.1111/ejn.12764
发表时间：
2015-01
期刊：
The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chen T;Michels L;Supekar K;Kochalka J;Ryali S;Menon V
通讯作者：
Menon V
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Carragher, N.;Teesson, M.;Slade, T.
通讯作者：
Slade, T.
DOI：
10.1177/1073858414525995
发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cole MW;Repovš G;Anticevic A
通讯作者：
Anticevic A
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Cole, Michael W.;Schneider, Walter
通讯作者：
Schneider, Walter
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Bora, Emre;Murray, Robin M.
通讯作者：
Murray, Robin M.