Habitat Specialization by Wildlife Reduces Pathogen Spread in Urbanizing Landscapes

Habitat Specialization by Wildlife Reduces Pathogen Spread in Urbanizing Landscapes
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野生动物的栖息地专业化减少了城市化景观中的病原体传播

DOI:
10.1086/717655
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The American Naturalist
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hall, Richard J.
Hall, Richard J.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Teitelbaum, Claire S.;Altizer, Sonia;Hall, Richard J.

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城市地区正在全球范围内扩张,带来了深远的生态后果,包括野生动物与病原体的相互作用。野生动物在对城市化的反应中表现出巨大的差异;即使在一个单一的种群中,一些个体也可以专注于城市或自然栖息地类型。这种专门化可以通过改变野生动物的运动和聚集来改变病原体对宿主种群的影响。在这里,我们建立了一个机制模型,探讨如何在城市景观的栖息地专业化影响之间的相互作用的移动的主机人口和密度依赖的专业病原体,赋予没有免疫力。我们在资源稳定的城市站点和资源波动的自然站点的网络上建模运动,其中主机是城市专家,自然专家或使用这两种补丁类型的通才。我们发现,对于通才来说,自然景观和部分城市景观产生的感染率和死亡率最高,这是由自然场所的高流动率和城市场所的高密度驱动的。然而,栖息地专业化保护主机从这些负面影响的部分城市景观,限制移动之间的补丁类型。这些研究结果表明,栖息地的专门化可以通过减少传染病的传播而使种群受益,但通过减少栖息地类型之间的移动,它也可能带来减少其他与移动有关的生态系统功能的成本,例如种子传播和授粉。
Urban areas are expanding globally with far-reaching ecological consequences, including for wildlife-pathogen interactions. Wildlife show tremendous variation in their responses to urbanization; even within a single population, some individuals can specialize on urban or natural habitat types. This specialization could alter pathogen impacts on host populations via changes to wildlife movement and aggregation. Here, we build a mechanistic model to explore how habitat specialization in urban landscapes affects interactions between a mobile host population and a density-dependent specialist pathogen that confers no immunity. We model movement on a network of resource-stable urban sites and resource-fluctuating natural sites, where hosts are urban specialists, natural specialists, or generalists that use both patch types. We find that for generalists, natural and partially urban landscapes produce the highest infection prevalence and mortality, driven by high movement rates at natural sites and high densities at urban sites. However, habitat specialization protects hosts from these negative effects of partially urban landscapes by limiting movement between patch types. These findings suggest that habitat specialization can benefit populations by reducing infectious disease transmission, but by reducing movement between habitat types it could also carry the cost of reducing other movement-related ecosystem functions, such as seed dispersal and pollination.
DOI: 10.1186/s40462-020-00233-7
发表时间: 2020-12-07
期刊: Movement ecology
影响因子: 4.1
作者:
Teitelbaum CS;Hepinstall-Cymerman J;Kidd-Weaver A;Hernandez SM;Altizer S;Hall RJ
通讯作者: Hall RJ
DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2017.00081
发表时间: 2017-08-02
影响因子: 3
作者:
Galbraith, Josie A.;Jones, Darryl N.;Stanley, Margaret C.
通讯作者: Stanley, Margaret C.
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0654
发表时间: 2018-12-01
影响因子: 3.9
作者:
Becker, Daniel J.;Teitelbaum, Claire S.;Hall, Richard J.
通讯作者: Hall, Richard J.
将花粉传输网络缩小到个体水平。
DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12130
发表时间: 2014
期刊: The Journal of animal ecology
影响因子: --
作者:
Cristina Tur;Beatriz Vigalondo;Kristian Trøjelsgaard;J. Olesen;A. Traveset
通讯作者: A. Traveset
DOI: --
发表时间: 2008
期刊: Wetlands (Wilmington, N.C.)
影响因子: --
作者:
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