Skin microbiome and mast cells.

Skin microbiome and mast cells.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.trsl.2017.03.003
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发表时间:
2017-06
期刊:
Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Di Nardo A
Di Nardo A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Igawa S;Di Nardo A

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皮肤中的微生物在物种水平上具有很高的多样性,但在门水平上的多样性较低。人体皮肤微生物区系主要由革兰氏阳性细菌组成,特别是放线杆菌,这是皮肤上的优势细菌门。脂磷壁酸(LTA)是革兰氏阳性细菌细胞壁的主要成分,因此在皮肤微生物群中含量丰富。最近的研究表明,LTA和其他细菌产物渗透到整个皮肤,并与包括肥大细胞(MCs)在内的表皮和真皮细胞接触,具有刺激MC Toll样受体(TLRs)的潜力。MCs在其细胞表面表达包括TLR在内的各种模式识别受体,以检测细菌。最近的文献表明,皮肤微生物群对MC在皮肤中的迁移、定位和成熟有影响。无菌(没有微生物组)的动物具有不发达的免疫系统和不成熟的MC。尽管对皮肤微生物区系进行了大量的研究,也有许多论文描述了皮肤与“良好的微生物区系”的相互作用,但关于肥大细胞如何与表面细菌进行沟通仍存在争议。本综述旨在通过阐明细菌与MC之间的通讯机制来平息这一争议。
Microbiotas in the skin have high levels of diversity at the species level, but low phylum-level diversity. The human skin microbiota is composed predominantly of Gram-positive bacteria especially Actinobacteria, which are the dominant bacterial phylum on the skin. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a major constituent of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and is therefore abundant in the skin microbiome. Recent studies have shown that LTA, and other bacterial products, permeates the whole skin and comes into contact with epidermal and dermal cells, including mast cells (MCs), with the potential of stimulating MC toll-like receptors (TLRs). MCs express a variety of pattern recognition receptors, including TLRs, on their cell surface in order to detect bacteria. Recent publications suggest that the skin microbiome has influence on MC migration, localization and maturation in the skin. Germ free (no microbiome) animals possess an underdeveloped immune system and immature MCs. Despite much research done on skin microbiota and many papers describing skin interaction with “the good microbiota”, there is still controversy regarding how mast cells, communicate with surface bacteria. The present review intends to quell the controversy by illuminating the communication mechanism between bacteria and MCs.
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