Caloric intake and aging: mechanisms in rodents and a study in nonhuman primates.

Caloric intake and aging: mechanisms in rodents and a study in nonhuman primates.
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热量摄入和衰老:啮齿动物的机制和非人类灵长类动物的研究。

DOI:
10.1093/toxsci/52.2.35
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发表时间:
1999
期刊:
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Weindruch,R
Weindruch,R
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wanagat,J;Allison,DB;Weindruch,R

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热量限制(CR)增加啮齿动物的最大寿命,同时减少与年龄相关的病理和生物学变化的发展。尽管几乎所有啮齿动物研究都在生命早期(1-3月龄)开始CR,但在12月龄开始CR也延长了小鼠的最大寿命。CR研究人员面临两个主要问题。一个是关于CR延缓啮齿动物衰老和疾病的机制。有证据表明,CR可能至少部分通过减少氧化应激而起作用。CR诱导的氧化应激减少似乎在有丝分裂后组织中最为深刻,并且可能源自较低的线粒体自由基产生。第二个问题是CR是否会在灵长类动物中发挥类似的作用。对恒河猴(最长寿命约40年)的CR研究支持人类可翻译性的概念。我们描述了威斯康星州大学对恒河猴的研究,该研究从1989年或1994年开始,当它们大约10岁时,它们的热量摄入减少了30%。来自我们的研究和其他试验的数据表明,CR可以在猴子中安全地进行,并且CR在啮齿动物中发生的某些生理效应(例如,降低血糖和胰岛素水平、改善胰岛素敏感性和降低体温)也发生在猴子中。到2000年,人们将知道CR是否能减少猴子的氧化应激,而到2020年,人们将清楚地看到CR对寿命和疾病的影响。
Caloric restriction (CR) increases maximum life span in rodents while attenuating the development of age-associated pathological and biological changes. Although nearly all of the rodent studies have initiated CR early in life (1-3 months of age), CR, when started at 12 months of age, also extends maximum life span in mice. Two main questions face investigators of CR. One concerns the mechanisms by which CR retards aging and diseases in rodents. There is evidence that CR may act, at least in part, by reducing oxidative stress. A CR-induced decrease in oxidative stress appears to be most profound in post-mitotic tissues and may derive from lower mitochondrial production of free radicals. The second issue is whether CR will exert similar effects in primates. Studies on CR in rhesus monkeys (maximum life span approximately 40 years) support the notion of human translatability. We describe the University of Wisconsin Study of rhesus monkeys subjected to a 30% reduction of caloric intake starting at either 1989 or 1994 when they were approximately 10 years old. The data from our study and from other trials suggest that CR can be safely carried out in monkeys and that certain physiological effects of CR that occur in rodents (e.g., decreased blood glucose and insulin levels, improved insulin sensitivity, and lowering of body temperature) also occur in monkeys. Whether oxidative stress in monkeys is reduced by CR will be known by the year 2000, while effects on longevity and diseases should be clearly seen by, appropriately, 2020.
成年雄性恒河猴在饮食限制的前 30 个月内的能量消耗。
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1997.272.5.e901
发表时间: 1997
期刊: The American journal of physiology
影响因子: --
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DOI: --
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期刊:
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