Research on stress and smoking: progress and problems.

Research on stress and smoking: progress and problems.
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压力与吸烟的研究:进展与问题。

DOI:
10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01815.x
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发表时间:
1991
期刊:
British journal of addiction
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Pomerleau,CS
Pomerleau,CS
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pomerleau,OF;Pomerleau,CS

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尽管有证据表明吸烟行为在压力的背景下增加,但尚未明确证明尼古丁摄入量也会同样增加。虽然尼古丁摄入已被证明可以减少压力背景下的焦虑,但控制条件(压力源类型,强度,时间关系等)需要进一步探索。最近的研究结果涉及尼古丁对垂体-肾上腺轴的影响,为这些问题提供了一个新的视角,因为暴露于应激源期间尼古丁摄入量增加可能至少部分代表了尼古丁刺激皮质类固醇释放引起的尼古丁敏感性降低的行为补偿。皮质类固醇可能会降低中枢神经系统的兴奋性的方式,可以解释焦虑减少;另一方面,焦虑减少可能是一种附带现象,相对于加强吸烟行为。以上述方法为例的行为、生理和生物化学研究的整合应能更好地理解压力和吸烟。
Despite evidence that smoking behaviour increases in the context of stress, there has yet to be a clear‐cut demonstration that nicotine intake is similarly enhanced. Although nicotine intake has been shown to reduce reported anxiety in the context of stress, the controlling conditions (type of stressor, intensity, temporal relationships, etc.) need further exploration. Recent findings involving nicotine's effects on the hypophyseal‐adrenal axis provide a new perspective on these issues, in that increased nicotine intake during exposure to a stressor may represent, at least in part, behavioral compensation for diminished sensitivity to nicotine brought about by nicotine‐stimulated corticosteroid release. Corticosteroids may decrease central nervous system excitability in a way that could account for anxiety reduction; on the other hand, anxiety reduction may be an epiphenomenon with respect to the reinforcement of smoking behaviour. The integration of behavioural, physiological, and biochemical research exemplified by the above approach should lead to a better understanding of stress and smoking.
人类行为研究:焦虑、压力和吸烟。
DOI: 10.1002/9780470513965.ch13
发表时间: 1990
期刊: Ciba Foundation symposium
影响因子: --
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影响因子: 7.6
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1983
影响因子: 2.6
作者:
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通讯作者: K. Baettig