Neuromodulation and Individuality.

Neuromodulation and Individuality.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnbeh.2021.777873
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Maloney RT
Maloney RT
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Maloney RT

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在种群中,个体表现出各种行为偏好,即使在没有遗传或环境变异的情况下。神经调节剂在广泛的系统中影响这些特异质偏好,然而,它们这样做的机制尚不清楚。我回顾了支持神经调节剂可能影响特异质行为偏好变异性的三种广泛机制的证据:通过作为直接在行为上游的可变性的来源,通过以掩盖或加重电路中的潜在可变性的方式影响电路的行为输出,以及通过驱动回路中的可塑性,导致向给定行为的稳态收敛或从发育设定点的发散。我为这些机制中的每一个找到了证据,并提出了未来的方向,以进一步了解个体差异和神经调质之间复杂的相互作用。
Within populations, individuals show a variety of behavioral preferences, even in the absence of genetic or environmental variability. Neuromodulators affect these idiosyncratic preferences in a wide range of systems, however, the mechanism(s) by which they do so is unclear. I review the evidence supporting three broad mechanisms by which neuromodulators might affect variability in idiosyncratic behavioral preference: by being a source of variability directly upstream of behavior, by affecting the behavioral output of a circuit in a way that masks or accentuates underlying variability in that circuit, and by driving plasticity in circuits leading to either homeostatic convergence toward a given behavior or divergence from a developmental setpoint. I find evidence for each of these mechanisms and propose future directions to further understand the complex interplay between individual variability and neuromodulators.
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