Effects of Weak- and Semi-Winter Cultivars of Wheat on Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits by Breaking through Traditional Area Planting
Effects of Weak- and Semi-Winter Cultivars of Wheat on Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits by Breaking through Traditional Area Planting
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突破传统大面积种植弱冬、半冬小麦品种对产量及农艺性状的影响
DOI：
10.3390/agronomy12010196
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wenshan Guo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yonggang Ding;Xiaoqing Tang;Xinbo Zhang;Min Zhu;Chunyan Li;Xinkai Zhu;Jinfeng Ding;Wenshan Guo
全球变暖改变了传统作物种植区的适宜性，引起了人们对谷物安全的担忧。为了探讨突破传统小麦品种区域种植的增产可能性和制约因素，在长江流域南、北方（相距约180 km）进行了2年的田间试验，分别培育了7个弱冬型和6个半冬型小麦品种。弱冬性品种北移后产量增加或不增加，且不显著高于当地半冬性品种。半冬性品种南移使产量显著下降。因此，与当地小麦品种相比，突破传统的面积种植并没有显着增加粮食产量。在北方YRB种植的小麦的籽粒产量比在YRB南部高5 - 20%，这是由于穗形成期较长而导致穗数增加。此外，花后叶面积下降较慢，在北方YRB，因为较高的主茎和分蘖存活。无论种植地点如何，高产品种花后总穗数和光合面积均大于低产品种，从而导致花后生物量增加。然而，不同品种的籽粒产量在不同的环境条件下差异很大。不同品种籽粒产量的变异系数（CV）与穗数和花后生物量的变异系数（CV）呈显著正相关，表明灵活的穗数和花后生物量对环境变化的响应能够最大限度地释放产量潜力。因此，提高主茎和分蘖成活率，可以增加穗数，维持花后光合面积，通过有效利用生育后期的资源，建立一个大的、高稳定性、高适宜性和高产量的群体。对今后选育高产稳产品种和确定种植范围提出了有价值的建议。
Global warming has changed the suitability of areas traditionally planted with crops, raising concerns about cereal security. To investigate the possibilities and constraints of increasing yields by breaking through traditional area plantings of wheat cultivars, a two-year field experiment was conducted in southern and northern locations in the Yangtze River basin (YRB), China (separated by approximately 180 km), with seven weak-winter types and six semi-winter types, respectively, bred for the two regions. The movement of weak-winter-type cultivars to the north increased or did not change grain yield and their grain yields were not significantly higher than those of local semi-winter-type cultivars. The movement of semi-winter-type cultivars to the south significantly decreased their yields. Thus, breaking through traditional area plantings did not significantly increase grain yields compared with those of local wheat cultivars. Grain yield of wheat planted in the northern YRB was higher by 5 to 20% than that in the southern YRB because of an increase in spikes that resulted from a longer spike formation phase. In addition, the post-anthesis leaf area declined more slowly in the northern YRB because of higher main stem and tiller survival. High-yielding cultivars always had more spikes and larger photosynthetic areas after anthesis than those of low-yielding cultivars regardless of the planting locations, which led to increases in post-anthesis biomass. However, the grain yield of different cultivars was highly variable under different environmental conditions. The coefficient of variation (CV) of grain yield in different cultivars was significantly positively correlated with the CV of spike number and post-anthesis biomass, implying that flexibility spike number and post-anthesis biomass in response to environmental changes can maximize release of yield potential. Therefore, improving main stem and tiller survival can increase spike number and maintain post-anthesis photosynthetic areas and help to establish a large, highly stable, and productive population with a high level of suitability and production through effectively utilizing the resources during the late growth phase. Valuable suggestions for breeding high-yield and -stability cultivars and confirming their planting range in the future are given.
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影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Guiomar Carranza-Gallego;Gloria I. Guzmán;R. García-Ruiz;M. G. Molina;E. Aguilera
通讯作者：
Guiomar Carranza-Gallego;Gloria I. Guzmán;R. García-Ruiz;M. G. Molina;E. Aguilera
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
G. Naveendrakumar;M. Vithanage;H. Kwon;S. Chandrasekara;M. Iqbal;S. Pathmarajah;W. Fernando;J. O
通讯作者：
G. Naveendrakumar;M. Vithanage;H. Kwon;S. Chandrasekara;M. Iqbal;S. Pathmarajah;W. Fernando;J. O
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
M. Studnicki;Magdalena Wijata;G. Sobczyński;S. Samborski;D. Gozdowski;J. Rozbicki
通讯作者：
M. Studnicki;Magdalena Wijata;G. Sobczyński;S. Samborski;D. Gozdowski;J. Rozbicki
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Arredondo, T.;Delgado-Balbuena, J.;Garatuza-Payan, J.
通讯作者：
Garatuza-Payan, J.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
M. Brancourt-Hulmel;G. Doussinault;C. Lecomte;P. Bérard;B. L. Buanec;M. Trottet
通讯作者：
M. Brancourt-Hulmel;G. Doussinault;C. Lecomte;P. Bérard;B. L. Buanec;M. Trottet