Age-related changes in the ease of dynamical transitions in human brain activity.
Age-related changes in the ease of dynamical transitions in human brain activity.
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DOI：
10.1002/hbm.24033
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发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Masuda N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ezaki T;Sakaki M;Watanabe T;Masuda N
执行功能是一组认知过程，可以实现灵活的行为控制，众所周知，它会随着年龄的增长而衰退。由于这种复杂的心理功能被认为依赖于不同功能的神经系统之间的动态协调，与年龄相关的执行功能下降应该得到大规模神经动力学改变的支持。然而，年龄对大脑动力学的影响还没有得到确切的表述。在这里，我们通过对来自健康的年轻人和老年人的公开可用的功能磁共振成像数据应用“能量景观分析”来研究这种与年龄相关的脑动力学变化。我们量化了不同大脑活动主要模式之间动态转换的难易程度，并分别对默认模式网络(DMN)和扣带盖网络(CON)进行了估计。我们发现，两个年龄组在DMN和CON中的脑动力学轨迹在性质上是相同的。然而，在这两个网络中，年龄较大的人群过渡的容易程度明显低于年轻人群。此外，执行功能转换的难易程度与执行功能任务的表现呈双重分离关系：对于年轻人来说，执行功能的能力主要与CON中的转换难易有关，而老年人的执行功能能力主要与DMN中的转换难易相关。这些结果为年龄相关的宏观脑动力学变化提供了直接的生物学证据，并表明当个体执行认知要求高的任务时，这种神经动力学发挥着关键作用。
Executive functions, a set of cognitive processes that enable flexible behavioral control, are known to decay with aging. Because such complex mental functions are considered to rely on the dynamic coordination of functionally different neural systems, the age‐related decline in executive functions should be underpinned by alteration of large‐scale neural dynamics. However, the effects of age on brain dynamics have not been firmly formulated. Here, we investigate such age‐related changes in brain dynamics by applying “energy landscape analysis” to publicly available functional magnetic resonance imaging data from healthy younger and older human adults. We quantified the ease of dynamical transitions between different major patterns of brain activity, and estimated it for the default mode network (DMN) and the cingulo‐opercular network (CON) separately. We found that the two age groups shared qualitatively the same trajectories of brain dynamics in both the DMN and CON. However, in both of networks, the ease of transitions was significantly smaller in the older than the younger group. Moreover, the ease of transitions was associated with the performance in executive function tasks in a doubly dissociated manner: for the younger adults, the ability of executive functions was mainly correlated with the ease of transitions in the CON, whereas that for the older adults was specifically associated with the ease of transitions in the DMN. These results provide direct biological evidence for age‐related changes in macroscopic brain dynamics and suggest that such neural dynamics play key roles when individuals carry out cognitively demanding tasks.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Campbell KL;Grigg O;Saverino C;Churchill N;Grady CL
通讯作者：
Grady CL
DOI：
10.1080/23273798.2016.1227858
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Language, cognition and neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Campbell KL;Schacter DL
通讯作者：
Schacter DL
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1415122111
发表时间：
2014-11-18
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Chan, Micaela Y.;Park, Denise C.;Wig, Gagan S.
通讯作者：
Wig, Gagan S.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Becker, OM;Karplus, M
通讯作者：
Karplus, M
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Davis, Simon W.;Dennis, Nancy A.;Cabeza, Roberto
通讯作者：
Cabeza, Roberto