Prevalence of refractive error in the United States, 1999-2004.

Prevalence of refractive error in the United States, 1999-2004.
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DOI:
10.1001/archopht.126.8.1111
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发表时间:
2008-08
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Sperduto, Robert
Sperduto, Robert
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vitale, Susan;Ellwein, Leon;Cotch, Mary Frances;Ferris, Frederick L., III;Sperduto, Robert

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描述美国屈光不正的患病率。 1999-2004 年国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 使用自动验光仪获取了具有全国代表性的美国非机构化、年龄≥12 岁的平民样本的屈光不正数据。使用绝对球镜当量(SphEq)值较大的眼睛的数据,我们将临床上重要的屈光不正定义为: 远视:SphEq ≥+3.0D;近视:SphEq ≤−1.0D;散光:任意一只眼柱镜≥1.0D。在 14,213 名年龄≥20 岁且接受 NHANES 检查的参与者中,获得了 12,010 名(84.5%)的屈光不正数据。远视、近视和散光的年龄标准化患病率分别为 3.6%(95% 置信区间 (CI),3.2-4.0%)、33.1%(95% CI,31.5-34.7%)和 36.2%(95% CI,34.9-37.5%)。在 20-39 岁人群中,女性 (40%) 近视患病率高于男性 (33%;p<0.0001)。与年轻人相比,年龄≥60岁的人患近视的可能性较小,而患远视和/或散光的可能性更大。近视在非西班牙裔白人 (35.2%) 中比非西班牙裔黑人 (28.6%; p<0.0001) 或墨西哥裔美国人 (25.1%; p<0.0001) 更常见。基于 1999-2004 年 NHANES 视力检查数据的估计表明,临床上重要的屈光不正影响着一半 20 岁以上的美国人口。
To describe the prevalence of refractive error in the United States. The 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) used an autorefractor to obtain refractive error data on a nationally representative sample of the U.S. non-institutionalized, civilian population aged ≥12 years. Using data from the eye with greater absolute spherical equivalent (SphEq) value, we defined clinically important refractive error as: hyperopia: SphEq ≥+3.0D; myopia: SphEq ≤−1.0D; and astigmatism: cylinder ≥1.0D in either eye. Of 14,213 participants aged ≥20 years who had an NHANES examination, refractive error data were obtained for 12,010 (84.5%). The age-standardized prevalences of hyperopia, myopia, and astigmatism were 3.6% (95% confidence interval (CI), 3.2–4.0%), 33.1% (95% CI, 31.5–34.7%), and 36.2% (95% CI, 34.9–37.5%), respectively. Myopia was more prevalent in females (40%) than in males (33%; p<0.0001) among 20–39-year-olds. Persons aged ≥60 years were less likely to have myopia and more likely to have hyperopia and/or astigmatism than younger persons. Myopia was more common in non-Hispanic whites (35.2%) than in non-Hispanic blacks (28.6%; p<0.0001) or Mexican Americans (25.1%; p<0.0001). Estimates based on the 1999–2004 NHANES vision examination data indicate that clinically important refractive error affects half of the U.S. population aged ≥20 years.
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