Mixed transmission modes promote persistence of an emerging tick‐borne pathogen

Mixed transmission modes promote persistence of an emerging tick‐borne pathogen
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混合传播模式促进了新出现的蜱传病原体的持续存在

DOI:
10.1002/ecs2.3171
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Swei, Andrea
Swei, Andrea
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sambado, Samantha;Salomon, Jordan;Crews, Arielle;Swei, Andrea

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病原体利用不同的传播方式来最大限度地提高传播成功率。在病媒传播的疾病系统中,垂直和水平传播模式都很常见,但这些模式的相对贡献尚未得到很好的理解,但可能由宿主遗传学,生理学或环境条件决定。这项研究的重点是一种新出现的蜱传回归热病原体,Borrelia miyamotoi,它可以垂直和水平传播。这种病原体的地方性流行周期尚未在美国西部描述,最近在蜱属太平洋硬蜱中发现了这种病原体。我们的实地调查发现,所有三个生命阶段的太平洋I. pacificus携带病原体,因此,所有阶段都对人类构成一定程度的疾病风险。感染的患病率随着每个生命阶段的增加而增加,这表明水平传播在该病原体在地方病循环中的持续存在中是重要的。为了支持这一发现,我们发现经常被太平洋I. pacificus幼年期寄生的小型哺乳动物宿主感染了宫本拟杆菌,因此可能是这种疾病水平传播和地方流行维持的来源。我们的数据表明,在美国西部,Miyamotoi通过跨卵传播和来自血餐宿主的传播维持在自然种群中,太平洋I. pacificus幼年期的同步物候可能有助于B. miyamotoi和其他垂直传播的病媒病原体的传播动力学。
Pathogens utilize different modes of transmission to maximize transmission success. In vector‐borne disease systems, both vertical and horizontal modes of transmission are common, but the relative contribution of these modes is not well understood but may be determined by host genetics, physiology, or environmental conditions. This study focuses on an emerging tick‐borne relapsing fever pathogen,Borrelia miyamotoi, that can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally. The enzootic cycle of this pathogen has not been described in the western USA where it was recently found in the tick species,Ixodes pacificus. Our field surveys found that all three life stages ofI. pacificuscarry the pathogen, and therefore, all stages pose some level of disease risk to humans. The prevalence of infection increases with each life stage suggesting that horizontal transmission is important in the persistence of this pathogen in the enzootic cycle. In support of this finding, we found that small mammal hosts that are frequently parasitized by juvenile stages ofI. pacificuswere infected withB. miyamotoiand may therefore function as a source of horizontal transmission and enzootic maintenance of this disease. Our data show that in the western USAB. miyamotoiis maintained in natural populations by both transovarial transmission and transmission from blood meal hosts and that synchronous phenology of juvenile stages ofI. pacificusmay facilitate the transmission dynamics ofB. miyamotoiand other vertically transmitted, vector‐borne pathogens.
DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585-38.5.684
发表时间: 2001-09-01
影响因子: 2.1
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发表时间: 2015
期刊: PloS one
影响因子: 3.7
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2018
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发表时间: 2020-01-14
影响因子: 3.2
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DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.10.016
发表时间: 2016-01-01
影响因子: 3.2
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