Respiratory symptoms and lung function in habitual heavy smokers of marijuana alone, smokers of marijuana and tobacco, smokers of tobacco alone, and nonsmokers.
Respiratory symptoms and lung function in habitual heavy smokers of marijuana alone, smokers of marijuana and tobacco, smokers of tobacco alone, and nonsmokers.
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习惯性重度吸食大麻者、同时吸食大麻和烟草、仅吸食烟草者和不吸烟者的呼吸道症状和肺功能。
DOI：
10.1164/arrd.1987.135.1.209
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gong,H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tashkin,DP;Coulson,AH;Clark,VA;Simmons,M;Bourque,LB;Duann,S;Spivey,GH;Gong,H
为了评估习惯性吸食大麻与不吸烟可能对肺部的影响，我们对年轻的习惯性重度吸食大麻者（n = 144）或烟草（n = 135）以及年龄相仿的对照受试者（n = 70）或非吸烟者（n = 97）进行了详细的呼吸和药物使用问卷调查和/或肺功能测试。大麻和/或烟草的平均吸烟量为49至57联合年大麻（平均每日关节数乘以吸烟年数）和16至22包年烟草。在吸食大麻和/或烟草的人群中，慢性咳嗽（18 - 24%）、痰液产生（20 - 26%）、喘息（25 - 37%）和过去3年中> 1次急性支气管炎发作（10 - 14%）的患病率显著高于非吸烟者（p < 0.05，卡方检验）。大麻和烟草吸烟者在慢性咳嗽、咳痰或喘息的患病率上没有差异，大麻和烟草对症状患病率也没有累加效应。我们注意到大麻对比气道传导率和气道阻力有显著的恶化作用，但烟草没有（主要是大气道功能的测试）在男性和烟草（但不是大麻）中对一氧化碳弥散能力和闭合容量、闭合能力以及单次呼吸氮洗脱曲线第III阶段的斜率的测试（主要反映小气道功能的测试）（p < 0.03，双因素ANCOVA）。没有发现大麻和烟草对肺功能的不良相互作用。
To evaluate the possible pulmonary effects of habitual marijuana smoking with and without tobacco, we administered a detailed respiratory and drug use questionnaire and/or lung function tests to young, habitual, heavy smokers of marijuana alone (n = 144) or with tobacco (n = 135) and control subjects of similar age who smoked tobacco alone (n = 70) or were nonsmokers (n = 97). Mean amounts of marijuana and/or tobacco smoked were 49 to 57 joint-years marijuana (average daily number of joints times number of years smoked) and 16 to 22 pack-years of tobacco. Among the smokers of marijuana and/or tobacco, prevalence of chronic cough (18 to 24%), sputum production (20 to 26%), wheeze (25 to 37%) and > 1 prolonged acute bronchitic episode during the previous 3 yr (10 to 14%) was significantly higher than in the nonsmokers (p < 0.05, chi square). No difference in prevalence of chronic cough, sputum production, or wheeze was noted between the marijuana and tobacco smokers, nor were there additive effects of marijuana and tobacco on symptom prevalence. We noted significant worsening effects of marijuana but not of tobacco on specific airway conductance and airway resistance (tests of mainly large airways function) in men and of tobacco but not of marijuana on carbon monoxide diffusing capacity and on closing volume, closing capacity, and the slope of Phase III of the single-breath nitrogen washout curve (tests reflecting mainly small airways function) (p < 0.03, two-way ANCOVA). No adverse interactive effects of marijuana and tobacco on lung function were found.
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