Methodological and analytical issues of progressive ratio schedules: Definition and scaling of breakpoint.
Methodological and analytical issues of progressive ratio schedules: Definition and scaling of breakpoint.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109146
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发表时间：
2021-05-15
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Norman AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsibulsky VL;Norman AB
递增比(PR)给药程序的突破点(BP)在自我给药研究中是一个公认的参数。尽管如此，仍有两个问题尚未解决：BP的最后一次回应没有一个合理合理的标准；两种常用的BP定义为交付数量或最后一次完全递增比率要求都不是最佳的，假设BP是一种动机衡量标准。本研究采用大鼠静脉注射可卡因的方法，提出了末次杠杆压迫的标准。其理由是发现，在公关时间表下的会议自我管理阶段，媒体间间隔时间较长的情况最初发生的可能性很低。但是，由于高比例要求，当注水间隔增加时，这种可能性会急剧增加。对于可卡因，这些关键的按压间隔为7.5分钟或更长。这一新的标准被应用于根据所有四种理论上可信的BP定义来测量BP，包括新的定义：在最后一次交付增强剂之前或之后的两次压制次数中较高的一次。传统定义的BP显著低于根据新拟议定义定义的BP(降低12%)。新的BP定义不仅提供了更准确的BP值，而且现在不同剂量可卡因的BP方差是均匀的，正如许多统计检验所要求的那样。这些对最后一次出版和BP的新定义提供了更准确和统计上更一致的BP衡量标准。
The break point (BP) of the progressive ratio (PR) schedule of drug delivery is a well-recognized parameter in self-administration studies. Nonetheless, two problems remain unresolved: there is no rationally justified criterion for the last response at BP; the both commonly used definitions of BP as the number of deliveries or the last complete progressive ratio requirement are not the best assuming that BP is a measure of motivation. A criterion for the last lever press is proposed in this study using intravenous cocaine self-administration in rats. The rationale is based on the finding that long inter-press intervals have initially very low probability to occur during the self-administration phase of the session under the PR schedule. But this probability dramatically increases when inter-injection intervals increase due to high ratio requirements. For cocaine these critical inter-press intervals were 7.5 min and longer. This novel criterion was applied to measure BP according to all four theoretically plausible definitions of BP including the new one: the higher of the two numbers of presses before or after the last delivery of the reinforcer. The conventionally defined BP is significantly lower (by 12%) than BP defined according to the new proposed definition. The new definition of BP provides not only more accurate value of BP but now the variance of BP at different cocaine doses is homogeneous as required by many statistical tests. These new definitions of the last press and BP provide more accurate and statistically homogenous measure of BP.
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DOI：
10.1097/00000374-199910000-00003
发表时间：
1999-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Czachowski, CL;Samson, HH
通讯作者：
Samson, HH
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
RISNER, ME;SILCOX, DL
通讯作者：
SILCOX, DL
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
BEDFORD, JA;BAILEY, LP;WILSON, MC
通讯作者：
WILSON, MC
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
WINGER, G;WOODS, JH
通讯作者：
WOODS, JH
DOI：
10.1007/bf00437619
发表时间：
1975-01-01
期刊：
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGIA
影响因子：
--
作者：
GRIFFITHS, RR;FINDLEY, JD;ROBINSON, WW
通讯作者：
ROBINSON, WW