The Cys-Arg/N-End Rule Pathway Is a General Sensor of Abiotic Stress in Flowering Plants.
The Cys-Arg/N-End Rule Pathway Is a General Sensor of Abiotic Stress in Flowering Plants.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2017.09.006
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发表时间：
2017-10-23
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Holdsworth MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vicente J;Mendiondo GM;Movahedi M;Peirats-Llobet M;Juan YT;Shen YY;Dambire C;Smart K;Rodriguez PL;Charng YY;Gray JE;Holdsworth MJ
非生物胁迫对植物生长产生负面影响，深刻影响作物的产量和品质。尽管人们对植物的反应了解很多，但在分子水平上对环境胁迫的初始感受知之甚少。在植物中，缺氧（低氧，在淹水期间发生）通过泛素介导的蛋白水解的Cys-Arg/N-末端规则途径直接感受到，通过氨基末端（Nt-）半胱氨酸对VII组乙烯应答因子转录因子（ERFVII）的氧依赖性降解。使用拟南芥（拟南芥）和大麦（大麦），我们表明，该途径调节植物对多种非生物胁迫的反应。在拟南芥中，遗传分析表明，这些压力的反应是由N-末端规则ERFVII功能的调节控制。在高等真核生物中通过Cys-Arg/N-末端规则的氧传感通过单一机制与一氧化氮（NO）传感相关联。在植物中，NO合成的主要机制是通过硝酸还原酶（NR），一种氮同化酶。在这里，我们确定了NR活性和NO水平和稳定的人工Nt-Cys底物和ERFVII功能响应于环境变化之间的负相关关系。此外，我们表明ERFVII通过与染色质重塑ATP酶BRAHMA的物理和遗传相互作用增强非生物应激反应。我们认为植物通过Cys-Arg/N-末端规则途径直接（通过氧传感）或间接（通过NR活性下游的NO传感）感知多种非生物胁迫。因此，这种单一的机制可以整合环境和反应，以提高植物的生存。Cys-Arg/N-end rule途径控制对多种非生物胁迫的反应硝酸还原酶增强N-end rule，并对抗ERFVII底物，ERFVII底物与染色质重塑ATP酶相互作用BRAHMA Vicente et al.表明Cys-Arg/N-end rule途径是一种通用的非生物胁迫感受器。ERFVII转录因子底物的N端规则作用控制应激耐受性，受硝酸还原酶和与染色质重塑ATP酶BRAHMA的相互作用的影响。这种机制整合了环境和反应，以提高生存。
Abiotic stresses impact negatively on plant growth, profoundly affecting yield and quality of crops. Although much is known about plant responses, very little is understood at the molecular level about the initial sensing of environmental stress. In plants, hypoxia (low oxygen, which occurs during flooding) is directly sensed by the Cys-Arg/N-end rule pathway of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, through oxygen-dependent degradation of group VII Ethylene Response Factor transcription factors (ERFVIIs) via amino-terminal (Nt-) cysteine. Using Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), we show that the pathway regulates plant responses to multiple abiotic stresses. In Arabidopsis, genetic analyses revealed that response to these stresses is controlled by N-end rule regulation of ERFVII function. Oxygen sensing via the Cys-Arg/N-end rule in higher eukaryotes is linked through a single mechanism to nitric oxide (NO) sensing. In plants, the major mechanism of NO synthesis is via NITRATE REDUCTASE (NR), an enzyme of nitrogen assimilation. Here, we identify a negative relationship between NR activity and NO levels and stabilization of an artificial Nt-Cys substrate and ERFVII function in response to environmental changes. Furthermore, we show that ERFVIIs enhance abiotic stress responses via physical and genetic interactions with the chromatin-remodeling ATPase BRAHMA. We propose that plants sense multiple abiotic stresses through the Cys-Arg/N-end rule pathway either directly (via oxygen sensing) or indirectly (via NO sensing downstream of NR activity). This single mechanism can therefore integrate environment and response to enhance plant survival. The Cys-Arg/N-end rule pathway controls responses to multiple abiotic stresses NITRATE REDUCTASE enhances N-end rule, and opposes ERFVII substrate, action ERFVII substrates interact with chromatin remodeling ATPase BRAHMA Vicente et al. show that the Cys-Arg/N-end rule pathway is a general sensor of abiotic stress. N-end rule action on ERFVII transcription factor substrates controls stress tolerance, influenced by NITRATE REDUCTASE and interactions with chromatin remodeling ATPase BRAHMA. This mechanism integrates environment and response to enhance survival.
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