Dissecting Neuronal Activation on a Brain-Wide Scale With Immediate Early Genes.

Dissecting Neuronal Activation on a Brain-Wide Scale With Immediate Early Genes.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnins.2020.569517
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Silvestri L
Silvestri L
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Franceschini A;Costantini I;Pavone FS;Silvestri L

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在全脑范围内以细胞分辨率可视化神经元激活是神经科学的一项基本技术挑战。这将能够分析不同的神经元回路在病理学中如何被破坏以及如何通过药物治疗来挽救它们。尽管这一目标在十年前显得颇有远见,但最近的技术进步使其最终变得可行。在这里,我们回顾了遗传学、样本制备、成像和图像分析领域的最新进展,这些领域可以结合起来提供全脑细胞分辨率的激活图谱。我们展示了如何结合不同的生化和光学方法来研究不同空间和时间尺度以及细胞类型特异性的神经元回路。这里介绍的技术清单可能有助于找到最适合特定实验的工具。我们预计,在未来几年,神经元激活图谱可能会成为许多实验室的常规工作,从而可以剖析行为的神经元对应物。
Visualizing neuronal activation on a brain-wide scale yet with cellular resolution is a fundamental technical challenge for neuroscience. This would enable analyzing how different neuronal circuits are disrupted in pathology and how they could be rescued by pharmacological treatments. Although this goal would have appeared visionary a decade ago, recent technological advances make it eventually feasible. Here, we review the latest developments in the fields of genetics, sample preparation, imaging, and image analysis that could be combined to afford whole-brain cell-resolution activation mapping. We show how the different biochemical and optical methods have been coupled to study neuronal circuits at different spatial and temporal scales, and with cell-type specificity. The inventory of techniques presented here could be useful to find the tools best suited for a specific experiment. We envision that in the next years, mapping of neuronal activation could become routine in many laboratories, allowing dissecting the neuronal counterpart of behavior.
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