Effects of a fishery closure and prey abundance on seabird diet and breeding success: Implications for strategic fisheries management and seabird conservation
Effects of a fishery closure and prey abundance on seabird diet and breeding success: Implications for strategic fisheries management and seabird conservation
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渔业关闭和猎物丰度对海鸟饮食和繁殖成功的影响：对战略渔业管理和海鸟保护的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2023.109990
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Searle K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Searle K
工业饲料渔业可能会减少猎物的可用性，影响海洋捕食者的饮食和繁殖成功。然而，渔业对捕食者人口的影响的证据仍然很少，阻碍了对人口的影响进行评估。使用25年的数据，在北海西北部的商业小沙迪尔渔业，我们评估了关闭在保障繁殖成功的四种海鸟-黑腿三趾鸥，常见的海鸠，大西洋海雀和razorbill的有效性。我们还测试了在禁渔区进行科学渔业对繁殖成功率的影响。我们量化了四种海鸟的幼鸟的饮食变化是如何受到丰富的Sandeels和替代猎物物种，欧洲鲱鱼，和潜在的猎物行为干扰影响的Sandeel捕鱼的猎物。最后，我们研究了如何在小鸡饮食和猎物丰富的变化，形成了长期的海鸟繁殖成功的变化。渔业作业期与觅食范围与封闭区域重叠的殖民地中三趾鸥繁殖成功率下降相关，从52%的年轻羽翼丰满的渔业前到渔业作业期间的23%。在渔业关闭后至2018年期间，养殖成功率提高了约10%。我们记录了广泛的不确定性，围绕这一增加育种成功，部分驱动的变化，在个别殖民地的反应。对于海鸠，razorbill和海雀，我们发现没有证据表明渔业对繁殖成功的负面影响，也没有证据表明渔业关闭带来的积极影响。我们没有发现科学渔业对繁殖成功产生影响的证据。在这四个物种中，尽管海雀的证据很弱，但在雏鸡饮食中的沙蚕比例与繁殖成功率呈正相关。捕捞努力与海鹦饮食中的比例下降，较低的比例组成的饮食中的0-组三趾鸥，razorbill和海鹦，并减少三趾鸥繁殖成功的三趾鸥组成部分。我们的研究结果提供了定量的证据，饲料鱼类渔业可能会影响海鸟的人口，突出物种特异性的反应，并在正在进行的环境变化中的驱动程序之间的戏弄的困难。时间-面积渔业禁渔显示出作为对某些海鸟物种的生产力产生积极影响的一种工具的前景。然而，我们确定其有效性的战略海鸟保护和愿望的净收益的重要警告。
Industrial forage fish fisheries may reduce prey availability affecting diet and breeding success of marine predators. However, evidence for fisheries effects on predator demography remains rare, hindering evaluation of their impact on populations. Using 25 years of data on the commercial lesser sandeel fishery in the north-western North Sea, we evaluated the effectiveness of the closure in safeguarding breeding success of four seabird species - black-legged kittiwake, common guillemot, Atlantic puffin and razorbill. We also tested for effects of a scientific fishery in the closed area on breeding success. We quantified how changes in the diet of chicks for the four seabird species were influenced by the abundance of sandeels and the alternative prey species, European sprat, and the potential prey behavioural disturbance effects of sandeel fishing on the prey. Finally, we examined how changes in chick diet and prey abundance have shaped long-term variation in seabird breeding success. The period of fishery operation was associated with a decline in kittiwake breeding success in colonies with foraging ranges overlapping the closed area, from 52 % of young fledged pre-fishery to 23 % during fishery operation. Breeding success increased by approximately 10 % in the period following fishery closure to 2018. We document wide uncertainty around this increase in breeding success, partly driven by variation in the responses of individual colonies. For guillemot, razorbill and puffin we found no evidence for negative effects of the fishery on breeding success, nor for positive effects arising from its closure. We found no evidence for an impact on breeding success of the scientific fishery. The proportion of sandeel in chick diet was positively associated with breeding success in the four species, albeit with only weak evidence for puffin. Fishing effort was associated with a decreased proportion of sandeel in puffin diet, a lower proportion of the sandeel component of the diet consisting of 0-group in kittiwake, razorbill and puffin, and with decreased kittiwake breeding success. Our findings provide quantitative evidence for how forage fish fisheries may impact seabird demography, highlighting the species-specific nature of responses, and the difficulties in teasing apart drivers amongst ongoing environmental change. Time-area fisheries closures show promise as a tool for positively affecting productivity in some seabird species. However, we identify important caveats around its effectiveness for strategic seabird conservation and aspirations of net gain.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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