Nutritional and Non-nutritional Composition of Human Milk Is Modulated by Maternal, Infant, and Methodological Factors.
Nutritional and Non-nutritional Composition of Human Milk Is Modulated by Maternal, Infant, and Methodological Factors.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnut.2020.576133
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Thakkar SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Samuel TM;Zhou Q;Giuffrida F;Munblit D;Verhasselt V;Thakkar SK
人乳（HM）是动态的，并显示出较高的个体间和个体内变异性。为了精确地表征HM，有必要了解调节其组成的因素。本叙述性综述的目的是总结影响人乳成分的母亲、婴儿和方法因素。我们检索了SCOPUS和PubMed数据库中与已知或可能影响哺乳期HM组成和体积的因素相关的文章。我们的全面审查包括各种产妇，婴儿相关的，和方法的因素，调节方面的HM组成，包括宏量和微量营养素，维生素和矿物质，以及体积。在HM脂质和亲脂体中观察到最深刻的变化。存在许多已知影响人乳营养和非营养成分的婴儿相关因素的证据（例如，出生体重、胎龄、婴儿年龄/哺乳阶段）。相比之下，对母体因素的了解较少;研究有限或证据相互矛盾（例如，母亲的生活方式、产科史、医疗条件），但母亲的饮食除外，对这一点已有相对完善的了解。同样，尽管许多方法因素（例如，HM采样，处理和分析）已知会影响HM组成，很少有研究将其作为主要结果进行调查，使其成为HM未来研究的重要领域。在这里，我们提出了一个系统的捕获许多产妇和婴儿相关的特征，以促进关联比较HM数据内和跨研究。此外，将已知影响分析中HM组成的方法学方面标准化将是谨慎的，不仅对于HM脂质和亲脂物，而且对于那些变异性尚不太清楚的营养素。准确定义决定人乳成分的因素将为母亲干预开辟前景，以优化牛奶成分，满足婴儿的特定需求。
Human milk (HM) is dynamic and shows a high inter- and intra-individual variability. To characterize HM with precision, it is necessary to understand the factors that modulate its composition. The objective of this narrative review is to summarize the maternal, infant and methodological factors that affect HM composition. We searched SCOPUS and PubMed databases for articles related to factors that are known to or could potentially influence HM composition and volume across lactation periods. Our comprehensive review encompasses various maternal-, infant-related, and methodological factors that modulate aspects of HM composition including macro- and micronutrients, vitamins and minerals, as well as volume. The most profound changes were observed in HM lipids and lipophiles. Evidence exists for many of the infant-related factors known to affect the nutritive and non-nutritive components of HM (e.g., birth weight, gestational age, infant age/stage of lactation). In contrast, less is known with respect to maternal factors; where there is either limited research or conflicting evidence (e.g., maternal lifestyle, obstetric history, medical conditions), except for the mother's diet, for which there is a relatively well-established understanding. Equally, although many of the methodological factors (e.g., HM sampling, handling and analytics) are known to impact HM composition, few studies have investigated this as a primary outcome, making it an important area of future research in HM. Here we propose a systematic capture of numerous maternal- and infant-related characteristics to facilitate associative comparisons of HM data within and across studies. Additionally, it would be prudent to standardize the methodological aspects known to affect HM composition in analytics, not only for HM lipids and lipophiles, but also for those nutrients whose variability is yet less well-understood. Defining the factors determining HM composition with accuracy will open perspectives for maternal intervention to optimize milk composition for specific needs of infants.
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影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Barrera C;Valenzuela R;Chamorro R;Bascuñán K;Sandoval J;Sabag N;Valenzuela F;Valencia MP;Puigrredon C;Valenzuela A
通讯作者：
Valenzuela A
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Ballard, Olivia;Morrow, Ardythe L.
通讯作者：
Morrow, Ardythe L.
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
BUTTE, NF;GARZA, C;NICHOLS, BL
通讯作者：
NICHOLS, BL
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bourne, VJ;Todd, BK
通讯作者：
Todd, BK
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Buescher, ES;Hair, PS
通讯作者：
Hair, PS