Natural Killer Cells: Development, Maturation, and Clinical Utilization.

Natural Killer Cells: Development, Maturation, and Clinical Utilization.
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DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2018.01869
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Malarkannan S
Malarkannan S
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Abel AM;Yang C;Thakar MS;Malarkannan S

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自然杀伤(NK)细胞是介导抗肿瘤和抗病毒反应的主要先天淋巴细胞亚群,因此具有广阔的临床应用前景。 NK 细胞不表达多态性克隆型受体,并利用抑制性受体(杀伤性免疫球蛋白样受体和 Ly49)来发育、成熟并识别“自身”和“非自身”。常见的 γ 细胞因子(例如白细胞介素 (IL)-2、IL-7 和 IL-15)在 NK 细胞的定型和发育中的重要作用已得到充分证实。然而,促炎细胞因子 IL-12、IL-18、IL-27 和 IL-35 在 NK 细胞转录启动中的关键功能才刚刚开始显现。最近的研究强调了 NK 细胞与适应性免疫淋巴细胞之间的多个共同特征。 NK 细胞利用独特的信号传导途径,提供独特的基因操作方法来改善其效应功能。在这里,我们总结了在理解 NK 细胞如何发育、成熟及其在临床中潜在转化用途方面取得的最新进展。
Natural killer (NK) cells are the predominant innate lymphocyte subsets that mediate anti-tumor and anti-viral responses, and therefore possess promising clinical utilization. NK cells do not express polymorphic clonotypic receptors and utilize inhibitory receptors (killer immunoglobulin-like receptor and Ly49) to develop, mature, and recognize “self” from “non-self.” The essential roles of common gamma cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, and IL-15 in the commitment and development of NK cells are well established. However, the critical functions of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12, IL-18, IL-27, and IL-35 in the transcriptional-priming of NK cells are only starting to emerge. Recent studies have highlighted multiple shared characteristics between NK cells the adaptive immune lymphocytes. NK cells utilize unique signaling pathways that offer exclusive ways to genetically manipulate to improve their effector functions. Here, we summarize the recent advances made in the understanding of how NK cells develop, mature, and their potential translational use in the clinic.
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