Behavioural profiles are shaped by social experience: when, how and why

Behavioural profiles are shaped by social experience: when, how and why
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行为特征是由社会经验塑造的:何时、如何以及为什么

DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2012.0344
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hennessy
Hennessy
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sachser;Kaiser;Hennessy

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全面了解行为特征的个体差异不仅在行为生态学中,而且在生物心理学和生物医学研究中是一个当前和及时的主题。这项研究的重点是在哺乳动物的社会环境的行为概况的塑造。我们回顾的证据表明,行为轮廓的形成发生在产前阶段,通过青春期及以后。我们特别关注青春期,这是一个敏感的阶段,在此期间,环境刺激对行为特征的调制有独特的影响。我们讨论的因果关系,特别是,如何通过行为和神经内分泌过程的社会刺激行为配置文件的形状。我们假设一个中心的作用,母体激素在产前阶段,母亲的行为在哺乳期和青春期的睾酮和应激激素的相互作用。我们参考进化历史,并试图将发展塑造纳入更广泛的进化历史趋势。最后是生存价值。我们认为,从产前阶段到青春期的环境刺激的行为配置文件的塑造代表了一个有效的机制,在一生中反复和快速的适应。值得注意的是,如果未来的环境偏离了早期阶段的预测,青少年阶段可能提供最后的纠正机会。
The comprehensive understanding of individual variation in behavioural profiles is a current and timely topic not only in behavioural ecology, but also in biopsychological and biomedical research. This study focuses on the shaping of behavioural profiles by the social environment in mammals. We review evidence that the shaping of behavioural profiles occurs from the prenatal phase through adolescence and beyond. We focus specifically on adolescence, a sensitive phase during which environmental stimuli have distinctive effects on the modulation of behavioural profiles. We discuss causation, in particular, how behavioural profiles are shaped by social stimuli through behavioural and neuroendocrine processes. We postulate a central role for maternal hormones during the prenatal phase, for maternal behaviour during lactation and for the interaction of testosterone and stress hormones during adolescence. We refer to evolutionary history and attempt to place developmental shaping into broader evolutionary historical trends. Finally, we address survival value. We argue that the shaping of behavioural profiles by environmental stimuli from the prenatal phase through adolescence represents an effective mechanism for repeated and rapid adaptation during the lifetime. Notably, the adolescent phase may provide a last chance for correction if the future environment deviates from that predicted in earlier phases.
睾酮在豚鼠青春期肾上腺活动性二态性中的作用。
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