Which Phish Is on the Hook? Phishing Vulnerability for Older Versus Younger Adults
Which Phish Is on the Hook? Phishing Vulnerability for Older Versus Younger Adults
复制标题
哪个网络钓鱼上钩了？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Neider
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dawn M. Sarno;Joanna E. Lewis;Corey J. Bohil;M. Neider
目的确定网络钓鱼漏洞是否存在年龄相关的差异，以及这些差异是否存在于不同的任务条件下（例如，时间和压力）。背景以前的研究表明，老年人可能是网络钓鱼攻击的脆弱人群。大多数探索年龄差异的研究都使用了限制性设计，包括回顾性自我报告措施和限制性电子邮件集。方法本研究探讨了老年人和年轻人如何对100封合法和钓鱼电子邮件进行分类。在实验1中，参与者将电子邮件评为垃圾邮件或非垃圾邮件。实验2探讨了当参与者将电子邮件评为安全或不安全时，框架如何改变结果。在实验3中，参与者执行与实验1相同的任务，但受到时间压力。结果在三个实验中，没有观察到年龄差异的整体分类准确率，而是所有的参与者表现出较差的性能（20%-30%的错误）。老年人需要更长的时间进行分类，并且在将电子邮件分类为垃圾邮件或不安全时更加自由。时间压力似乎消除了这种偏差，但不影响整体准确性。结论老年人在分类电子邮件时似乎更谨慎。然而，格外小心可能会以分类速度为代价，并且似乎不会提高准确性。在实施网络培训方法时，应考虑年龄人口统计学。年轻人对网络威胁的警惕性可能比最初预测的要低;老年人在有无限时间做出反应时可能不太容易上当受骗。
Objective To determine if there are age-related differences in phishing vulnerability and if those differences exist under various task conditions (e.g., framing and time pressure). Background Previous research suggests that older adults may be a vulnerable population to phishing attacks. Most research exploring age differences has used limiting designs, including retrospective self-report measures and restricted email sets. Method The present studies explored how older and younger adults classify a diverse sample of 100 legitimate and phishing emails. In Experiment 1, participants rated the emails as either spam or not spam. Experiment 2 explored how framing would alter the results when participants rated emails as safe or not safe. In Experiment 3, participants performed the same task as Experiment 1, but were put under time pressure. Results No age differences were observed in overall classification accuracy across the three experiments, rather all participants exhibited poor performance (20%–30% errors). Older adults took significantly longer to make classifications and were more liberal in classifying emails as spam or not safe. Time pressure seemed to remove this bias but did not influence overall accuracy. Conclusion Older adults appear to be more cautious when classifying emails. However, being extra careful may come at the cost of classification speed and does not seem to improve accuracy. Application Age demographics should be considered in the implementation of a cyber-training methodology. Younger adults may be less vigilant against cyber threats than initially predicted; older adults might be less prone to deception when given unlimited time to respond.
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影响因子：
16.4
作者：
SCHAIE, KW
通讯作者：
SCHAIE, KW
经济剥削、经济能力和阿尔茨海默病。
DOI：
10.1037/a0040192
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
The American psychologist
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lichtenberg,PeterA
通讯作者：
Lichtenberg,PeterA
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gby036
发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Ebner, Natalie C.;Ellis, Donovan M.;Oliveira, Daniela S.
通讯作者：
Oliveira, Daniela S.
年轻人和老年人的内隐和外显记忆。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.13.4.531
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子：
--
作者：
Light,LL;Singh,A
通讯作者：
Singh,A
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Czaja, Sara J.;Charness, Neil;Sharit, Joseph
通讯作者：
Sharit, Joseph