Does acute caffeine ingestion alter brain metabolism in young adults?
Does acute caffeine ingestion alter brain metabolism in young adults?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.01.046
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发表时间：
2015-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Lu H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu F;Liu P;Pekar JJ;Lu H
咖啡因作为最常用的兴奋剂药物，可以提高警惕性，在某些情况下，还可以提高认知能力。然而，咖啡因对大脑活动的确切影响尚未完全阐明。由于咖啡因具有显著的血管效应，而这种效应不依赖于任何神经效应，因此许多基于血液动力学的方法（如fMRI）在没有适当校准的情况下无法轻易应用。本工作的范围是双重的。在研究1中，我们使用最近开发的MRI技术来检查摄入200 mg咖啡因后全脑脑氧代谢率（CMRO 2）的时间依赖性变化。结果发现，尽管CBF显著降低（p<0.001），但总体CMRO2没有显著变化。相反，氧提取分数（OEF）显著升高（p=0.002），以完全补偿减少的血液供应。使用全脑的发现作为参考，我们的目标是调查大脑对咖啡因的反应是否存在任何区域差异。因此，在研究2中，我们研究了相同量的咖啡因摄入后CBF变化的区域异质性。我们发现后扣带回皮质和上级颞区等后部脑区的CBF下降较慢，而背外侧前额叶皮质和内侧额叶皮质等前部脑区的CBF下降速度较快。这些发现有几种可能的解释。一个是咖啡因可能导致大脑活动的区域依赖性增加或减少，导致平均大脑代谢率不变。另一个是咖啡因对血管的影响可能是区域特异性的。这些解释的合理性进行了讨论的背景下，腺苷受体的空间分布。
Caffeine, as the most commonly used stimulant drug, improves vigilance and, in some cases, cognition. However, the exact effect of caffeine on brain activity has not been fully elucidated. Because caffeine has a pronounced vascular effect which is independent of any neural effects, many hemodynamics-based methods such as fMRI cannot be readily applied without a proper calibration. The scope of the present work is two-fold. In Study 1, we used a recently developed MRI technique to examine the time-dependent changes in whole-brain cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) following the ingestion of 200mg caffeine. It was found that, despite a pronounced decrease in CBF (p<0.001), global CMRO2 did not change significantly. Instead, the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) was significantly elevated (p=0.002) to fully compensate for the reduced blood supply. Using the whole-brain finding as a reference, we aim to investigate whether there are any regional differences in the brain’s response to caffeine. Therefore, in Study 2, we examined regional heterogeneities in CBF changes following the same amount of caffeine ingestion. We found that posterior brain regions such as posterior cingulate cortex and superior temporal regions manifested a slower CBF reduction, whereas anterior brain regions including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and medial frontal cortex showed a faster rate of decline. These findings have a few possible explanations. One is that caffeine may result in a region-dependent increase or decrease in brain activity, resulting in an unaltered average brain metabolic rate. The other is that caffeine’s effect on vasculature may be region-specific. Plausibility of these explanations is discussed in the context of spatial distribution of the adenosine receptors.
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