Not only ACE2-the quest for additional host cell mediators of SARS-CoV-2 infection: Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) as a novel SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry mediator implicated in COVID-19.
Not only ACE2-the quest for additional host cell mediators of SARS-CoV-2 infection: Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) as a novel SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry mediator implicated in COVID-19.
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不仅是ACE2-寻找更多的SARS-CoV-2感染的宿主细胞介质：作为一种新的SARS-CoV-2宿主细胞进入介质的Nrp1(Nrp1)参与了新冠肺炎。
DOI：
10.1038/s41392-020-00460-9
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发表时间：
2021-01-18
影响因子：
39.3
通讯作者：
Karteris E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kyrou I;Randeva HS;Spandidos DA;Karteris E
Daly 等人最近在《科学》杂志上发表了两项研究。 1 和 Cantuti-Castelvetri 等人。 2 确定了 Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) 作为一种额外的细胞介质，可能有助于新的严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)-冠状病毒 (CoV)-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 进入宿主细胞。这些出色的研究结果共同表明，除了血管紧张素转换酶 2 (ACE2) 在介导 SARS-CoV-2 进入细胞中的作用之外，NRP1 可能充当宿主细胞介质，可以增加感染性，从而有助于这种冠状病毒的组织/器官向性。 SARS-CoV-2是一种有包膜RNA病毒，主要通过空气飞沫传播，引起病毒传染病，于2019年底首次被描述（即2019年冠状病毒病；COVID-19）。 3 COVID-19 的表现范围从轻微（大多数情况下无症状或轻度呼吸道感染）到高危个体的严重甚至致命，呼吸道和肺外表现需要住院治疗，并可能需要机械通气和重症监护病房 (ICU) 支持。 3正如密切相关的 SARS-CoV 所指出的，SARS-CoV-2 进入人类细胞是由 ACE2 介导的，ACE2 作为细胞膜受体，与 SARS-CoV-2 病毒粒子表面的刺突 (S1) 糖蛋白结合。 4 此外，位于宿主细胞膜、分泌途径和内吞区室中的跨膜蛋白酶丝氨酸 2 (TMPRSS2) 和其他蛋白酶（例如弗林蛋白酶）也被证明发挥着关键作用，它们可以启动 SARS-CoV-2 的刺突蛋白，促进其内吞作用，并在受感染的宿主细胞中释放其病毒基因组以进行后续复制（图 1a）。 4–6 值得注意的是，ACE2 在人类呼吸系统中表现出低/中度表达；因此，研究还集中于识别可能增加 SARS-CoV-2 感染性并可能有助于这种冠状病毒的组织/器官趋向性的其他介质（图 1 b、c）。 4, 5 因此，一些细胞介质/受体的数据不断出现，这些介质/受体也可能促进 SARS-CoV-2 的宿主细胞感染，包括 CD147、葡萄糖调节蛋白 78 (GRP78)、血管紧张素 II 受体 2 型 (AGTR2)、晚期糖基化终产物受体 (RAGE)、硫酸乙酰肝素、唾液酸和神经毡蛋白-1 (NRP1)。 4, 5
Two recently published studies published in Science by Daly et al. 1 and Cantuti-Castelvetri et al. 2 identified neuropilin-1 (NRP1) as an additional cellular mediator which may facilitate the entry of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (CoV)-2 (SARS-CoV-2) into host cells. The findings of these elegant studies collectively indicate that, in addition to the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in mediating the cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2, NRP1 may act as a host cell mediator that can increase the infectivity and may thus contribute to the tissue/organ tropism of this coronavirus. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped RNA virus that is transmitted mainly via air droplets and causes a viral infectious disease, which was first described at the end of 2019 (ie, coronavirus disease 2019; COVID-19). 3 COVID-19 manifestations range from mild (asymptomatic or mild respiratory tract infection in most cases) to severe or even fatal in high-risk individuals, with respiratory and extra-pulmonary manifestations requiring hospitalization and potentially mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit (ICU) support. 3As noted for the closely related SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 entry into human cells is mediated by ACE2, which acts as a cell membrane receptor binding the spike (S1) glycoproteins on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 virions. 4 In addition, transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and other proteases (eg, furin), which are located in the host cell membrane, secretory pathway and endocytic compartments, have also been shown to play a key role by priming the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and facilitating its endocytosis and the release of its viral genome in the infected host cell for subsequent replication (Fig. 1 a). 4–6 Notably, ACE2 exhibits a low/moderate expression in the human respiratory system; thus, research has also focused on identifying additional mediators which may increase SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and may contribute to the tissue/organ tropism of this coronavirus (Fig. 1 b, c). 4, 5 Accordingly, data are emerging for a number of cellular mediators/receptors which may also facilitate the host cell infection by SARS-CoV-2, including CD147, glucoseregulated protein 78 (GRP78), angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AGTR2), the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), heparan sulfate, sialic acids and neuropilin-1 (NRP1). 4, 5
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abd3072
发表时间：
2020-11-13
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Daly JL;Simonetti B;Klein K;Chen KE;Williamson MK;Antón-Plágaro C;Shoemark DK;Simón-Gracia L;Bauer M;Hollandi R;Greber UF;Horvath P;Sessions RB;Helenius A;Hiscox JA;Teesalu T;Matthews DA;Davidson AD;Collins BM;Cullen PJ;Yamauchi Y
通讯作者：
Yamauchi Y
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Zamorano Cuervo N;Grandvaux N
通讯作者：
Grandvaux N
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Davies J;Randeva HS;Chatha K;Hall M;Spandidos DA;Karteris E;Kyrou I
通讯作者：
Kyrou I
Neuropilin-1促进SARS-COV-2细胞进入和感染力。
DOI：
10.1126/science.abd2985
发表时间：
2020-11-13
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cantuti-Castelvetri L;Ojha R;Pedro LD;Djannatian M;Franz J;Kuivanen S;van der Meer F;Kallio K;Kaya T;Anastasina M;Smura T;Levanov L;Szirovicza L;Tobi A;Kallio-Kokko H;Österlund P;Joensuu M;Meunier FA;Butcher SJ;Winkler MS;Mollenhauer B;Helenius A;Gokce O;Teesalu T;Hepojoki J;Vapalahti O;Stadelmann C;Balistreri G;Simons M
通讯作者：
Simons M