Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity.
Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity.
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Neuropilin-1促进SARS-COV-2细胞进入和感染力。
DOI:
10.1126/science.abd2985
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发表时间:
2020-11-13
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Simons M
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cantuti-Castelvetri L;Ojha R;Pedro LD;Djannatian M;Franz J;Kuivanen S;van der Meer F;Kallio K;Kaya T;Anastasina M;Smura T;Levanov L;Szirovicza L;Tobi A;Kallio-Kokko H;Österlund P;Joensuu M;Meunier FA;Butcher SJ;Winkler MS;Mollenhauer B;Helenius A;Gokce O;Teesalu T;Hepojoki J;Vapalahti O;Stadelmann C;Balistreri G;Simons M
Virus-host interactions determine cellular entry and spreading in tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the earlier SARS-CoV use angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor; however, their tissue tropism differs, raising the possibility that additional host factors are involved. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 contains a cleavage site for the protease furin that is absent from SARS-CoV (see the Perspective by Kielian). Cantuti-Castelvetri et al. now show that neuropilin-1 (NRP1), which is known to bind furin-cleaved substrates, potentiates SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. NRP1 is abundantly expressed in the respiratory and olfactory epithelium, with highest expression in endothelial and epithelial cells. Daly et al. found that the furin-cleaved S1 fragment of the spike protein binds directly to cell surface NRP1 and blocking this interaction with a small-molecule inhibitor or monoclonal antibodies reduced viral infection in cell culture. Understanding the role of NRP1 in SARS-CoV-2 infection may suggest potential targets for future antiviral therapeutics. Science, this issue p. 856, p. ; see also p. NRP1 serves as a host factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and may potentially provide a therapeutic target for COVID-19. The causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). For many viruses, tissue tropism is determined by the availability of virus receptors and entry cofactors on the surface of host cells. In this study, we found that neuropilin-1 (NRP1), known to bind furin-cleaved substrates, significantly potentiates SARS-CoV-2 infectivity, an effect blocked by a monoclonal blocking antibody against NRP1. A SARS-CoV-2 mutant with an altered furin cleavage site did not depend on NRP1 for infectivity. Pathological analysis of olfactory epithelium obtained from human COVID-19 autopsies revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infected NRP1-positive cells facing the nasal cavity. Our data provide insight into SARS-CoV-2 cell infectivity and define a potential target for antiviral intervention.
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