Effects of mechanical tension on protrusive activity and microfilament and intermediate filament organization in an epidermal epithelium moving in culture.
Effects of mechanical tension on protrusive activity and microfilament and intermediate filament organization in an epidermal epithelium moving in culture.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.102.4.1400
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发表时间：
1986-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kolega J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kolega J
机械张力影响组织形态发生和细胞的合成、有丝分裂和运动行为。为了确定张力对上皮运动性和细胞骨架组织的影响，用显微操作的针人为地延伸了小的、运动的表皮细胞簇。垂直于张力轴的前伸活动被显著抑制。为了确定这种现象的超微结构基础，通过透射电子显微镜检查细胞的确切运动行为，记录电影显微镜。在不紧张，向前移动的片状突起，微丝出现混乱和各向异性取向。但在细胞质中，由于显微操作或上皮内其他细胞的运动活动而处于张力下，微丝平行于张力排列。在上皮边缘的非扩散区域，微丝以紧密的束平行于明显的张力线。因此，似乎张力导致微丝排列。相反，中间纤维被排除在活动突起之外，被限制在细胞的更厚、更中心的部分。它们大致遵循细胞的轮廓，但即使同一细胞中的微丝相对于张力也不对齐。这表明中间纤维的组织相对抵抗物理变形，并且中间纤维可以在细胞内充当被动的结构支撑。张力下微丝的排列表明张力抑制突起活动的机制：通过粘附表面或粘附丝互连施加的力排列的微丝不能抵抗这种力重新定向，因此不能轻易地在不平行于张力的方向上延伸突起。
Mechanical tension influences tissue morphogenesis and the synthetic, mitotic, and motile behavior of cells. To determine the effects of tension on epithelial motility and cytoskeletal organization, small, motile clusters of epidermal cells were artificially extended with a micromanipulated needle. Protrusive activity perpendicular to the axis of tension was dramatically suppressed. To determine the ultrastructural basis for this phenomenon, cells whose exact locomotive behavior was recorded cinemicrographically were examined by transmission electron microscopy. In untensed, forward-moving lamellar protrusions, microfilaments appear disorganized and anisotropically oriented. But in cytoplasm held under tension by micromanipulation or by the locomotive activity of other cells within the epithelium, microfilaments are aligned parallel to the tension. In non-spreading regions of the epithelial margin, microfilaments lie in tight bundles parallel to apparent lines of tension. Thus, it appears that tension causes alignment of microfilaments. In contrast, intermediate filaments are excluded from motile protrusions, being confined to the thicker, more central part of the cell. They roughly follow the contours of the cell, but are not aligned relative to tension even when microfilaments in the same cell are. This suggests that the organization of intermediate filaments is relatively resistant to physical distortion and the intermediate filaments may act as passive structural support within the cell. The alignment of microfilaments under tension suggests a mechanism by which tension suppresses protrusive activity: microfilaments aligned by forces exerted through filament-surface or filament-filament interconnections cannot reorient against such force and so cannot easily extend protrusions in directions not parallel to tension.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
JONES, JCR;GOLDMAN, AE;GOLDMAN, RD
通讯作者：
GOLDMAN, RD
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
KNAPP, LW;OGUIN, WM;SAWYER, RH
通讯作者：
SAWYER, RH
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
CURTIS, ASG;SEEHAR, GM
通讯作者：
SEEHAR, GM
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Goodrich, HB
通讯作者：
Goodrich, HB
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
ABERCROM.M;HEAYSMAN, JE;PEGRUM, SM
通讯作者：
PEGRUM, SM