Temperamental approach/withdrawal and food neophobia in early childhood: Concurrent and longitudinal associations.
Temperamental approach/withdrawal and food neophobia in early childhood: Concurrent and longitudinal associations.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2016.09.013
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Stifter, Cynthia A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moding, Kameron J.;Stifter, Cynthia A.
本研究的目的是调查喜怒无常的接近/戒断过程是否与4.5岁时父母对新食物恐惧症的评价和行为观察同时和纵向相关。此外，母亲喂养的做法被检查为潜在的调节幼儿气质和新食物恐惧症之间的联系。数据来自一项从婴儿期到幼儿期对个体（n = 82）进行的纵向研究。在18个月大的时候，幼儿在一个不熟悉的实验室环境中被实验者观察，他们的反应被编码。在4岁半的时候，孩子们再次在一个不熟悉的环境中进行观察，并提供了三种新的食物（荔枝、海苔和山楂果）。他们拒绝品尝的食物数量被用来衡量行为新恐惧症。最后，母亲们报告了她们孩子的新食物恐惧症和性情，以及她们自己的喂养方法。正如预期的那样，气质与4.5岁时的新食物恐惧症相关。此外，在18个月大时对新鲜事物表现出高负面影响和低积极影响的低接近儿童在4.5岁时比同龄人有更高的食物恐惧症。此外，有证据表明，低方法儿童的这些新恐惧症倾向被母亲的压力喂养方式所加强。总的来说，这项研究的结果强调，那些性情乖戾的孩子在童年时期患新食物恐惧症的风险更高。
The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether temperamental approach/withdrawal processes were concurrently and longitudinally associated with parent ratings and behavioral observations of food neophobia at 4.5 years of age. Additionally, maternal feeding practices were examined as potential moderators of the association between toddler temperament and food neophobia. Data were drawn from a longitudinal study following individuals (n = 82) from infancy through early childhood. At 18 months of age, toddlers were observed in an unfamiliar laboratory setting with an experimenter and their reactions were coded. At 4.5 years of age, the children were again observed in an unfamiliar setting and were also offered three novel foods (lychee, nori, and haw jelly). The number of foods they refused to taste was used as a measure of behavioral neophobia. Finally, mothers reported on their child's food neophobia and temperament, as well as their own feeding practices. As expected, temperament was associated with concurrent measures of food neophobia at 4.5 years of age. Also, low approach children who exhibited high negative affect and low positive affect in response to novelty at 18 months of age had higher levels of food neophobia at 4.5 years of age compared to their peers. Furthermore, evidence emerged to show that these neophobic tendencies in low approach children were strengthened by a maternal pressuring feeding style. Collectively, the results of this study emphasize that children who have low levels of temperamental approach are at a heightened risk for developing food neophobia during childhood.
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