Effects of exercise on brown and beige adipocytes.

Effects of exercise on brown and beige adipocytes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.013
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发表时间:
2019-01
期刊:
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Stanford KI
Stanford KI
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dewal RS;Stanford KI

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体育锻炼对许多组织和器官系统产生有益影响,并提供预防肥胖和2型糖尿病的保护。最近的研究已经调查了运动对棕色脂肪组织(BAT)和白色脂肪组织(WAT)的作用,并且已经表明运动对每种组织的显著适应。调查运动对BAT的影响的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果,一些研究显示BAT的产热活性增加,而另一些研究则显示BAT的产热活性减少。人体研究已经观察到BAT活性的下调(通过葡萄糖摄取的减少来测量)对运动的响应。在WAT中,运动减少脂肪细胞大小,改变基因表达,并增加线粒体活性。移植运动训练的皮下WAT(scWAT)可改善全身代谢健康。在啮齿类动物中,运动也会导致scWAT的下降。因此,运动引起的脂肪组织变化可能是运动改善代谢健康机制的一部分。
Physical exercise leads to beneficial effects in numerous tissues and organ systems and offers protection against obesity and type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have investigated the role of exercise on brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT), and have indicated marked adaptations to each tissue with exercise. Studies investigating the effects of exercise on BAT have produced conflicting results, with some showing an increase in the thermogenic activity of BAT and some demonstrating a decrease in the thermogenic activity of BAT. Human studies have observed a down-regulation of BAT activity (measured by a reduction in glucose uptake) in response to exercise. In WAT, exercise decreases adipocyte size, alters gene expression, and increases mitochondrial activity. Transplantation of exercise-trained subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) improves whole-body metabolic health. In rodents, exercise also results in a beiging of scWAT. Thus, exercise-induced changes to adipose tissue may be part of the mechanism by which exercise improves metabolic health.
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