The infinitesimal model

The infinitesimal model
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无穷小模型

DOI:
10.1101/039768
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Barton N
Barton N
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Barton N

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我们这里的重点是无穷小模型。在这个模型中,一个或几个数量性状被描述为遗传和非遗传成分的总和,第一个被分布为以亲本遗传成分的平均值为中心的正态随机变量,并且具有与亲本性状无关的方差。我们首先回顾了数量遗传学中无穷小模型的悠久历史。然后,我们在表型水平上根据个体性状值和个体之间的关系提供模型的定义,但包括不同的进化过程:遗传漂变、重组、选择、突变、种群结构.我们给出了一系列应用于与稳定选择、选择性交配、有效种群大小和对选择的反应有关的进化问题的例子,栖息地偏好和物种形成。我们提供了一个数学的理由,该模型的限制作为潜在的基因座的数量M趋于无限的孟德尔遗传,突变和环境噪声的模型,当性状的遗传成分是纯加性的。我们还展示了该模型如何概括以包括上位效应。在每一种情况下,通过调节种群中与个体相关的系谱,我们将任意选择和种群结构结合起来。我们假设,我们可以观察到直到当代的谱系,以及所有的祖先性状,我们特别表明,当代个体性状值的遗传成分确实是正态分布的,其方差与祖先性状无关,直到顺序错误。仿真表明,在特定情况下,收敛速度可能快到1/M。
Our focus here is on the infinitesimal model. In this model, one or several quantitative traits are described as the sum of a genetic and a non-genetic component, the first being distributed as a normal random variable centred at the average of the parental genetic components, and with a variance independent of the parental traits. We first review the long history of the infinitesimal model in quantitative genetics. Then we provide a definition of the model at the phenotypic level in terms of individual trait values and relationships between individuals, but including different evolutionary processes: genetic drift, recombination, selection, mutation, population structure,… We give a range of examples of its application to evolutionary questions related to stabilising selection, assortative mating, effective population size and response to selection, habitat preference and speciation. We provide a mathematical justification of the model as the limit as the number M of underlying loci tends to infinity of a model with Mendelian inheritance, mutation and environmental noise, when the genetic component of the trait is purely additive. We also show how the model generalises to include epistatic effects. In each case, by conditioning on the pedigree relating individuals in the population, we incorporate arbitrary selection and population structure. We suppose that we can observe the pedigree up to the present generation, together with all the ancestral traits, and we show, in particular, that the genetic components of the individual trait values in the current generation are indeed normally distributed with a variance independent of ancestral traits, up to an error of order. Simulations suggest that in particular cases the convergence may be as fast as 1/M.
通过竞争形成物种:批判性回顾
DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2005.tb01771.x
发表时间: 2005
期刊: The British Journal for the History of Science
影响因子: --
作者:
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通讯作者: N. Barton
DOI: --
发表时间: 1935
期刊: Journal Genetika
影响因子: --
作者:
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发表时间: 1990
期刊: Genetics
影响因子: 3.3
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“北不列颠评论”与物种起源
DOI: 10.1038/005161b0
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影响因子: 64.8
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