Metacognitive preserved generation strategy benefits for both younger and elderly participants with schizophrenia.
Metacognitive preserved generation strategy benefits for both younger and elderly participants with schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0241356
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Jalenques I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Izaute M;Thuaire F;Méot A;Rondepierre F;Jalenques I
认知记忆和内省障碍被认为是精神分裂症的核心特征。此外，目前尚不清楚精神分裂症患者是否比健康参与者更容易因衰老而出现认知障碍。本研究的目的是使用元认知方法来确定患有精神分裂症的老年参与者是否能够使用特定的生成策略来提高他们的记忆表现，并评估使用该策略对他们的记忆益处。 20 名年轻的精神分裂症患者和 20 名年长的精神分裂症参与者及其年龄、性别和教育程度相匹配的对照参与者学习了将单词与阅读或生成配对的联想，评估学习判断 (JOL) 并进行提示回忆。精神分裂症参与者比健康对照参与者回忆起的单词更少，但他们从世代中受益更多，而且这种差异随着年龄的增长而稳定。他们的 JOL 幅度低于健康对照参与者，但 JOL 准确性不受年龄或病理的影响。尽管患有精神分裂症的老年和年轻参与者存在记忆缺陷，但他们从记忆生成策略中受益匪浅。这一结果让我们有理由乐观地认为，如果学习条件导致精神分裂症参与者进行深度编码，他们就有可能减少记忆障碍。
Cognitive memory and introspection disturbances are considered core features of schizophrenia. Moreover, it remains unclear whether or not participants with schizophrenia are more cognitively impaired with ageing than healthy participants. The aims of this study were to use a metacognitive approach to determine whether elderly participants with schizophrenia are able to improve their memory performance using a specific generation strategy and to evaluate the memory benefits for them using this strategy. 20 younger and 20 older participants with schizophrenia and their comparison participants matched for age, gender and education learned paired associates words with either reading or generation, rated judgment of learning (JOL) and performed cued recall. Participants with schizophrenia recalled fewer words than healthy comparison participants, but they benefited more from generation, and this difference was stable with ageing. Their JOL magnitude was lower than that of healthy comparison participants, but JOL accuracy was not affected by either age or the pathology. In spite of their memory deficit, elderly and younger participants with schizophrenia benefited remarkably from the memory generation strategy. This result gives some cause for optimism as to the possibility for participants with schizophrenia to reduce memory impairment if learning conditions lead them to encode deeply.
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