Nanoimprint Lithography as a Route to Nanoscale Back-Contact Perovskite Solar Cells.
Nanoimprint Lithography as a Route to Nanoscale Back-Contact Perovskite Solar Cells.
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DOI：
10.1021/acsanm.3c02493
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发表时间：
2023-08-25
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Samuel, Ifor D. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harwell, Jonathon;Samuel, Ifor D. W.
背接触钙钛矿太阳能电池引起了人们的极大兴趣，因为它们可以实现比传统设计更高的性能，同时还不需要透明导体。目前该领域的研究重点是制造宽度减小的电极结构，以更有效地收集电荷，但当前基于剥离的制造技术很难实现小于 1000 nm 的电极宽度，并且难以在大面积上实现。我们展示了蚀刻过程中的纳米压印光刻作为一种简单且易于扩展的方法，可以生产宽度小至 230 nm 的蜂窝状准叉指电极结构。然后，我们使用电沉积选择性沉积一系列不同空穴选择性层的保形涂层，并探索背接触钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率如何随着特征尺寸推入纳米尺度而变化。我们发现，当电极宽度从 230 nm 变化到 2000 nm 时，所得器件的效率几乎保持不变，这与报道的器件模拟不同。我们的结果表明，减少复合并提高电荷传输层的质量，而不是减小最小特征尺寸，可能是最大化背接触钙钛矿太阳能电池性能的最佳途径。
Back-contact perovskite solar cells are of great interest because they could achieve higher performance than conventional designs while also eliminating the need for transparent conductors. Current research in this field has focused on making electrode structures with reduced widths to collect charges more efficiently, but current lift-off-based fabrication techniques have struggled to achieve electrode widths smaller than 1000 nm and are difficult to implement on large areas. We demonstrate nanoimprint lithography in an etch-down procedure as a simple and easily scalable method to produce honeycomb-shaped, quasi-interdigitated electrode structures with widths as small as 230 nm. We then use electrodeposition to selectively deposit conformal coatings of a range of different hole-selective layers and explore how the efficiency of back-contact perovskite solar cells changes as the feature sizes are pushed into the nanoscale. We find that the efficiency of the resulting devices remains almost unchanged as the electrode width is varied from 230 to 2000 nm, which differs from reported device simulations. Our results suggest that reducing recombination and improving the quality of the charge transport layers, rather than reducing the minimum feature size, are likely to be the best pathway to maximizing the performance of back-contact perovskite solar cells.
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