Socioecological Dynamics Structuring the Spread of Farming in the North American Basin-Plateau Region

Socioecological Dynamics Structuring the Spread of Farming in the North American Basin-Plateau Region
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构建北美盆地高原地区农业传播的社会生态动力学

DOI:
10.1080/14614103.2021.1927480
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
Spangler, Jerry D.
Spangler, Jerry D.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Codding, Brian F.;Brenner Coltrain, Joan;Louderback, Lisbeth;Vernon, Kenneth Blake;Magargal, Kate E.;Yaworsky, Peter M.;Robinson, Erick;Brewer, Simon C.;Spangler, Jerry D.

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农业的传播是整个全新世社会和环境变化的主要驱动力,但实验和人种学数据表明,农业比觅食利润低,那么为什么个人会选择采用农业导致其扩张?理想分布模型提供了一个框架来回答这个问题:当当地人口密度增加竞争到最佳策略和栖息地的适用性与较差策略和栖息地的适用性相等时,个体应该采取利润较低的生存策略,占据更多的边缘环境。耦合放射性碳测年考古遗址与农业适宜性的有效措施,我们评估了出现在北美盆地高原地区的农业。我们的研究结果表明,农业首先发生在更适合的科罗拉多高原地文区,只有在高原人口密度增加后才蔓延到不太适合的大盆地。这就造成了高原和盆地农业开始之间大约300至400年的滞后。这些研究结果支持理想分布假说的传播农业,并提出了一个一般的社会生态过程,可能有助于解释全球模式的时间和克里思的农业扩张。
The spread of agriculture is a major driver of social and environmental change throughout the Holocene, yet experimental and ethnographic data indicate that farming is less profitable than foraging, so why would individuals choose to adopt agriculture leading to its expansion? Ideal distribution models offer one framework to answer this question: Individuals should adopt less profitable subsistence strategies and occupy more marginal environments when local population density increases competition to the point where the suitability of the best strategies and habitats becomes equal to what can be gained in poorer strategies and habitats. Coupling radiocarbon-dated archaeological sites with a validated measure of agricultural suitability, we evaluate the emergence of farming in the Basin-Plateau region of North America. Our results show that farming first occurs in the more suitable Colorado Plateau physiographic region, and only spreads into the less suitable Great Basin after population density on the Plateau increases. This produces an approximate 300- to 400-year lag between the onset of farming on the Plateau and in the Basin. These findings support the ideal distribution hypothesis for the spread of farming, and suggest a general socioecological process that may help explain global patterns in the timing and tempo of agricultural expansions.
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