Urban and rural differences in older drivers' failure to stop at stop signs.
Urban and rural differences in older drivers' failure to stop at stop signs.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2009.06.004
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发表时间：
2009-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
West SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keay L;Jasti S;Munoz B;Turano KA;Munro CA;Duncan DD;Baldwin K;Bandeen-Roche KJ;Gower EW;West SK
我们的目的是确定老年驾驶员未能在停车标志处停车的视觉和认知预测因素。居住在马里兰州索尔兹伯里的 1425 名年龄在 67 岁至 87 岁之间的司机参加了一项纵向驾驶研究。在基线时，参与者接受了一系列视力和认知测试以及人口和健康调查问卷。驾驶监控系统（DMS）收集了五天的驾驶数据，该系统获得了遇到停车标志和未能在停车标志处停车的数据。一年后（第二轮）也收集了驾驶数据。使用视觉和认知变量作为预测变量对结果进行建模，即参与者在第二轮未能在停车标志处停车的次数。使用负二项式回归模型来模拟故障率。在第二轮返回的 1241 名驾驶员中，有 1167 名驾驶员拥有足够的驾驶数据进行分析，其中 52 名驾驶员没有遇到停车标志。在剩下的1115辆汽车中，15.8%的人在停车标志处至少一次未能停车，7.1%的人多次未能停车。农村司机不停车的可能性是城市司机的 1.7 倍。在城市参与者中，双侧视野缺失的点数与较低的失败率显着相关。在这个队列中，居住在农村地区的老年司机比居住在城市地区的老年司机在停车标志十字路口停车的可能性更小。农村司机可能经常光顾交通较少、能见度较好的地区，并且更有可能冒着不停车的风险。在这个队列中，未能在停车标志处停车并不是因为视力或认知能力差。相反，在城市地区，那些视野缺损的人似乎对停车标志更加谨慎。
Our purpose was to determine visual and cognitive predictors for older drivers' failure to stop at stop-signs. 1425 drivers aged between ages 67 and 87 residing in Salisbury Maryland were enrolled in a longitudinal study of driving. At baseline, the participants were administered a battery of vision and cognition tests, and demographic and health questionnaires. Five days of driving data were collected with a Driving Monitoring System (DMS), which obtained data on stop signs encountered and failure to stop at stop signs. Driving data were also collected one year later (Round two). The outcome, number of times a participant failed to stop at a stop sign at round two, was modeled using vision and cognitive variables as predictors. A Negative binomial regression model was used to model the failure rate. Of the 1241 who returned for Round two, 1167 drivers had adequate driving data for analyses and 52 did not encounter a stop sign. In the remaining 1115, 15.8% failed at least once to stop at stop signs, and 7.1% failed to stop more than once. Rural drivers had 1.7 times the likelihood of not stopping compared to urban drivers. Amongst the urban participants, the number of points missing in the bilateral visual field was significantly associated with a lower failure rate. In this cohort, older drivers residing in rural areas were less likely to stop at stop-sign intersections than those in urban areas. It is possible that rural drivers frequent areas with less traffic and better visibility, and may be more likely to take the calculated risk of not stopping. In this cohort failure to stop at stop signs was not explained by poor vision or cognition. Conversely in urban areas, those who have visual field loss appear to be more cautious at stop signs.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb01070.x
发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/57.9.m578
发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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