Natural Products and the Gene Cluster Revolution.

Natural Products and the Gene Cluster Revolution.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tim.2016.07.006
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发表时间:
2016-12
影响因子:
15.9
通讯作者:
Jensen, Paul R.
Jensen, Paul R.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jensen, Paul R.

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基因组测序为天然产物的发现和天然产物生物合成基因簇(BGC)的多样性和分布提供了前所未有的机遇。这些基因集合高度进化为水平交换,因此提供了立即测试小分子对适应性的影响的机会。海洋放线菌属Salinispora保持着非常高的BGC多样性,并已成为研究次生代谢的有用模型。大多数盐生孢子菌BGC很少被观察到,导致了高种群水平的多样性,同时符合与最大基因组大小相关的限制。比较基因组学提供了一种机制,在进化和证据的背景下评估次生代谢,证明一些产品代表生态类型定义的特征,而另一些产品则选择性地表现为中性。
Genome sequencing has created unprecedented opportunities for natural product discovery and new insight into the diversity and distributions of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). These gene collectives are highly evolved for horizontal exchange, thus providing immediate opportunities to test the effects of small molecules on fitness. The marine actinomycete genus Salinispora maintains extraordinary levels of BGC diversity and has become a useful model for studies of secondary metabolism. Most Salinispora BGCs are observed infrequently, resulting in high population-level diversity while conforming to constraints associated with maximum genome size. Comparative genomics is providing a mechanism to assess secondary metabolism in the context of evolution and evidence that some products represent ecotype-defining traits while others appear selectively neutral.
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