The cortisol awakening response (CAR) in male children with autism spectrum disorder.
The cortisol awakening response (CAR) in male children with autism spectrum disorder.
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自闭症谱系障碍男性儿童的皮质醇觉醒反应（CAR）。
DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.01.012
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发表时间：
2014-04
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Schupp, Clayton W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corbett, Blythe A.;Schupp, Clayton W.
我们适应变化的能力至关重要。皮质醇觉醒反应（cortisol awakening response，CAR）是一种皮质醇在醒来后30分钟内急剧上升的反应，以帮助个体为随后的压力做好准备。患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童通常难以适应变化。对CAR的探索是有必要的;然而，调查它的少数研究是不确定的。CAR在94名8至12岁的青春期前ASD（46）和典型发育（TD，48）男性儿童中进行了研究。唾液样本在三个昼夜周期内收集，包括两个早晨样本：M1：醒来后立即和M2：醒来后30分钟（M2-M1 = CAR）。通过独立双样本t检验测量CAR的大小，使用Levene检验测量变异性，通过线性混合效应模型分析CAR的序列，通过卡方独立性检验分析显示CAR的儿童比例。基于幅度（t（92）=-0.14，p = 0.89，d = 0.04）、变异性（F（45，47）= 1.11，p = 0.72，η2=0.11）或3天内的序列（F（2，88）= 0.26，p = 0.77，η2=0.01），两组之间的CAR无显著差异。基于儿童（χ2（1）= 0.02，p = 0.89）或成人标准（χ2（1）= 1.82，p = 0.18），各组中显示CAR的儿童比例无显著差异。尽管皮质醇的调节和反应性存在群体差异，但患有和没有ASD的儿童之间的CAR是无法区分的。研究间的不一致性可能是由于年龄、使用的标准和诊断差异。
Our ability to adapt to change is fundamental. The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is a sharp rise in cortisol 30-minutes after waking to help prepare an individual for ensuing stress. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulty adapting to change. Exploration of the CAR is warranted; yet, the few studies investigating it are inconclusive. The CAR was investigated in 94 pre-pubertal male children 8-to-12 years of age with ASD (46) and typical development (TD, 48). Salivary samples were collected over three diurnal cycles involving two morning samples: M1: Immediately upon Waking and M2: 30-min Post Waking (M2 − M1 = CAR). The magnitude of the CAR was measured by independent two sample t-tests, variability was measured using Levene's Test, the sequence of the CAR was analyzed by a linear mixed-effects model and proportion of children exhibiting a CAR by chi-square test of independence. There were no significant differences on the CAR between the groups based on magnitude (t(92) = −0.14, p = 0.89, d = 0.04), variability (F(45,47) = 1.11, p = 0.72, η2=0.11) or the sequence over three days (F(2,88) = 0.26, p = 0.77, η2=0.01). No significant differences were shown in the proportion of children exhibiting a CAR across the groups based on child (χ2(1) = 0.02, p = 0.89) or adult criterion (χ2(1) = 1.82, p = 0.18). Despite group differences in the regulation and responsivity of cortisol, the CAR is indistinguishable between children with and without ASD. Inconsistencies across studies may be due to age, criterion used, and diagnostic distinctions.
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