Alternative Splicing of TaGS3 Differentially Regulates Grain Weight and Size in Bread Wheat.
Alternative Splicing of TaGS3 Differentially Regulates Grain Weight and Size in Bread Wheat.
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TaGS3 的选择性剪接差异性地调节面包小麦的籽粒重量和大小。
DOI：
10.3390/ijms222111692
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发表时间：
2021-10-28
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Zhang W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ren X;Zhi L;Liu L;Meng D;Su Q;Batool A;Ji J;Song L;Zhang N;Guo L;Liu X;Li J;Zhang W
异三聚体g蛋白通过感知和传递信号介导多种生物的生长发育。选择性剪接（Alternative splicing， AS）是调控基因转录后表达的重要过程，在植物的适应和进化中起着重要作用。本研究鉴定了5个Gγ亚基基因TaGS3的剪接变异体（TaGS3.1 ~ TaGS3.5），它们在小麦多倍体发育过程中表现出表达差异，并在籽粒重和大小的决定中发挥了不同的作用。与野生型相比，TaGS3.1过表达显著降低了籽粒重5.89%，籽粒长5.04%，而TaGS3.2-3.4过表达对籽粒大小无显著影响。过表达TaGS3.5显著增加了籽粒重5.70%，籽粒长4.30%。生化分析显示，具有完整OSR结构域的TaGS3亚型（TaGS3.1-3.4）与WGB1相互作用形成活性Gαβγ异源二聚体，并进一步与WGA1相互作用形成无活性Gαβγ异源三聚体。截断的TaGS3.2-3.4缺少c端富含cys区域，但与WGB1的结合亲和力增强，与TaGS3.1拮抗结合WGB1，而具有不完整OSR结构域的TaGS3.5不与WGB1相互作用。综合这些观察结果，我们提出TaGS3通过AS对晶粒大小进行差异调节，提供了一种在转录后水平上微调和调节晶粒大小的策略。
The heterotrimeric G-protein mediates growth and development by perceiving and transmitting signals in multiple organisms. Alternative splicing (AS), a vital process for regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, plays a significant role in plant adaptation and evolution. Here, we identified five splicing variants of Gγ subunit gene TaGS3 (TaGS3.1 to TaGS3.5), which showed expression divergence during wheat polyploidization, and differential function in grain weight and size determination. TaGS3.1 overexpression significantly reduced grain weight by 5.89% and grain length by 5.04%, while TaGS3.2–3.4 overexpression did not significantly alter grain size compared to wild type. Overexpressing TaGS3.5 significantly increased the grain weight by 5.70% and grain length by 4.30%. Biochemical assays revealed that TaGS3 isoforms (TaGS3.1–3.4) with an intact OSR domain interact with WGB1 to form active Gβγ heterodimers that further interact with WGA1 to form inactive Gαβγ heterotrimers. Truncated isoforms TaGS3.2–3.4 , which lack the C-terminal Cys-rich region but have enhanced binding affinity to WGB1, antagonistically compete with TaGS3.1 to bind WGB1, while TaGS3.5 with an incomplete OSR domain does not interact with WGB1. Taking these observations together, we proposed that TaGS3 differentially regulates grain size via AS, providing a strategy by which the grain size is fine-tuned and regulated at the post-transcriptional level.
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