Evolution of species interactions determines microbial community productivity in new environments.

Evolution of species interactions determines microbial community productivity in new environments.
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DOI:
10.1038/ismej.2014.215
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发表时间:
2015-05
期刊:
The ISME journal
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--
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--
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其他
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多样性通常会在短时间内提高生态系统的生产力。在更长的时间尺度上,对新环境的生态和进化反应都可能改变生产力和多样性-生产力关系。反过来,多样性可能会影响组成物种如何适应新的条件。我们通过在∼60代的三个不同环境中培养包含1到12个物种的人工微生物群落来测试这些想法。在一种环境中,群落产量和多样性之间的关系随着时间的推移变得更加陡峭。尽管总体趋势是,如果组成物种的分离物在更多样化的群落中进化,最终它们的单独产量会更低,但这种情况还是发生了。群落和物种产量的统计比较表明,随着时间的推移,物种之间的相互作用已经演变为不那么负面,特别是在更多样化的群落中。因此,多样性和进化相互作用,在新的环境中提高了社区生产力。
Diversity generally increases ecosystem productivity over short timescales. Over longer timescales, both ecological and evolutionary responses to new environments could alter productivity and diversity–productivity relationships. In turn, diversity might affect how component species adapt to new conditions. We tested these ideas by culturing artificial microbial communities containing between 1 and 12 species in three different environments for ∼60 generations. The relationship between community yields and diversity became steeper over time in one environment. This occurred despite a general tendency for the separate yields of isolates of constituent species to be lower at the end if they had evolved in a more diverse community. Statistical comparisons of community and species yields showed that species interactions had evolved to be less negative over time, especially in more diverse communities. Diversity and evolution therefore interacted to enhance community productivity in a new environment.
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