Age-related differences in working memory deficits during nicotine withdrawal.
Age-related differences in working memory deficits during nicotine withdrawal.
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DOI：
10.1111/adb.12051
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发表时间：
2014-09
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lerman C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Falcone M;Wileyto EP;Ruparel K;Gerraty RT;LaPrate L;Detre JA;Gur R;Loughead J;Lerman C
尼古丁戒断与微妙的工作记忆缺陷有关，这些缺陷可预测随后的复发。我们研究了寻求治疗的吸烟者中这些过程的神经基质，并探讨了年龄对戒烟引起的大脑活动和表现变化的调节作用。63名吸烟者参加了两次血氧水平依赖（BOLD）功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）扫描，同时在两个不同的场合进行视觉N-back任务：照常吸烟和经过24小时的生化证实的戒烟（顺序平衡）。禁欲（与吸烟相比）导致准确性降低，正确反应时间中位数降低，3个先验感兴趣区域（ROI）的BOLD信号变化减少：内侧额叶/扣带回和左右背外侧前额叶皮层。在所有三个区域的BOLD信号变化以及戒断和渴望中发现了显着的年龄x会话效应;对于所有措施，与< 50岁的吸烟者相比，>50岁的吸烟者的戒烟效应减弱。这些结果表明，戒烟对年轻吸烟者神经认知功能的影响可能更明显，并可能为探索戒烟成功的年龄差异机制的研究提供了新的途径。
Nicotine withdrawal is associated with subtle working memory deficits that predict subsequent relapse. We examined the neural substrates underlying these processes in treatment-seeking smokers, and explored the moderating influence of age on abstinence-induced alterations in brain activity and performance. Sixty-three smokers participated in two blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans while performing a visual N-back task on two separate occasions: smoking as usual and after 24 hours of biochemically confirmed abstinence (order counterbalanced). Abstinence (versus smoking) led to reduced accuracy, slower median correct response time, and reduced BOLD signal change in the 3 a priori regions of interest (ROIs): medial frontal/cingulate gyrus and right and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Significant age x session effects were found for BOLD signal change in all three regions, as well as for withdrawal and craving; for all measures, abstinence effects were attenuated in smokers aged >50 years compared to those < 50 years old. These results suggest that abstinence effects on neurocognitive function may be more pronounced for younger smokers, and may indicate a new avenue for research exploring mechanisms underlying age differences in smoking cessation success.
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